Botulinum toxin for masseter hypertrophy

Al‐Muharraqi, Mohammed A; Fedorowicz, Zbys; Bareeq, Jaffer Al; Bareeq, Reem Al; Nasser, Mona

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007510.pub2

Cited by 20 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Unloading of the mandible using BTX has been suggested as a technique to allow immediate placement of dental implants [6], but the present results show that such unloading might accelerate bone loss, a counterproductive outcome. An even greater concern is the persistent loss of bone microstructure at the mandibular condyle.…”

Section: Conclusion and Clinical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…In addition to injecting facial muscles to relax wrinkled skin and relieve blepharospasm, BTX is used to inactivate the major muscles of mastication, particularly the large masseter muscles. One common reason for injecting BTX into asymptomatic masseters is cosmetic, to change a square-angled face into a more oval one by causing the muscles to atrophy; patients receiving this treatment are predominantly young and female and typically receive repeat injections [4-6]. The masseters are also paralyzed with BTX when it is considered desirable to unload the jaws [7-9] and in the hope of alleviating facial pain involving the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) [10], although load reduction has not been proven and relief of pain is marginal [10-12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Botulinum toxin in masticatory muscles: Short- and long-term effects on muscle, bone, and craniofacial function in adult rabbits

Rafferty¹,

Liu²,

Ye³

et al. 2012

Bone

104

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Paralysis of the masticatory muscles using botulinum toxin (BTX) is a common treatment for cosmetic reduction of the masseters as well as for conditions involving muscle spasm and pain. The effects of this treatment on mastication have not been evaluated, and claims that the treatment unloads the jaw joint and mandible have not been validated. If BTX treatment does decrease mandibular loading, osteopenia might ensue as an adverse result. Rabbits received a single dose of BTX or saline into one randomly chosen masseter muscle and were followed for 4 or 12 weeks. Masticatory muscle activity was assessed weekly, and incisor bite force elicited by stimulation of each masseter was measured periodically. At the endpoint, strain gages were installed on the neck of the mandibular condyle and on the molar area of the mandible for in vivo bone strain recording during mastication and muscle stimulation. After termination, muscles were weighed and mandibular segments were scanned with micro CT. BTX paralysis of one masseter did not alter chewing side or rate, in part because of compensation by the medial pterygoid muscle. Masseter-induced bite force was dramatically decreased. Analysis of bone strain data suggested that at 4 weeks, the mandibular condyle of the BTX-injected side was underloaded, as were both sides of the molar area. Bone quantity and quality were severely decreased specifically at these underloaded locations, especially the injection-side condylar head. At 12 weeks, most functional parameters were near their pre-injection levels, but the injected masseter still exhibited atrophy and percent bone area was still low in the condylar head. In conclusion, although the performance of mastication was only minimally harmed by BTX paralysis of the masseter, the resulting underloading was sufficient to cause notable and persistent bone loss, particularly at the temporomandibular joint.

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Section: Conclusion and Clinical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botulinum toxin in masticatory muscles: Short- and long-term effects on muscle, bone, and craniofacial function in adult rabbits

Rafferty¹,

Liu²,

Ye³

et al. 2012

Bone

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Botulinum toxin type A injection is reported to be a safe and effective treatment modality in e650 orofacial dystonies, sialorrhea, frey's syndrome, muscle hypertrophies, etc (6)(7)(8)(9). Botulinum toxin type A is a powerful neurotoxin which is produced by the anaerobic organism Clostridium botulinum and when injected into a muscle causes interference with the neurotransmitter mechanism producing selective paralysis and subsequent atrophy of the muscle (10,11). The aim of this report is to present two cases of masseter muscle hipertrophy which were treated with botulinum toxin type A injection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of masseteric hypertrophy with botulinum toxin: A report of two cases

Baş¹,

Ozan²,

Muğlalı³

et al. 2010

Med Oral

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Masseter muscle hypertrophy is a rare condition of unknown cause which is important in the differential diagnosis of head and neck masses, located in the cheek. Several treatment options reported for masseter hypertrophy, which range from simple pharmacotherapy to more invasive surgical reduction. Botulinum toxin type A is a powerful neurotoxin which is produced by the anaerobic organism Clostridium botulinum and when injected into a muscle causes interference with the neurotransmitter mechanism producing selective paralysis and subsequent atrophy of the muscle. Injection of botulinum toxin type A into the masseter muscle is generally considered a less invasive modality and has been advocated for cosmetic sculpting of the lower face. Botulinum toxin type A injection is considered to be a beneficial treatment modality in masseter muscle hypertrophy patients. The aim of this article is to report two cases of masseteric muscle hypertrophy which were treated with botulinum toxin type A injection. Marked changes in facial feature were achieved 3 months after the procedure.

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“…1,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] Current literature does not offer comprehensive reviews of the time, prognosis, or recovery process of related complications, and the Cochrane review in 2009 and 2013 reported an insufficient amount of high level evidence to accurately assess the efficacy and safety of toxin injections for masseter hypertrophy. 28,29 A previous report by the authors in 2018 outlined masseter toxin injection complication rates from 2036 treatments, 30 though it was limited in scope to a single clinic. This literature review is an attempt by the authors to unify and consolidate if possible the nature of adverse events associated with this procedure, and provide clinicians with a comprehensive understanding of possible complications.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Literature review of the adverse events associated with botulinum toxin injection for the masseter muscle hypertrophy

Yeh¹,

Peng²,

Peng³

2018

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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Botulinum toxin masseter injections are commonly performed procedures with good results and safety profiles. The majority of complications appeared within 2-4 weeks of injection and disappeared within 12 weeks. Despite the temporary nature of these complications, they often decrease patient satisfaction and confidence, so physicians should familiarize themselves with the regional anatomy and injection safety zones.

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Botulinum toxin for masseter hypertrophy

Cited by 20 publications

References 32 publications

Botulinum toxin in masticatory muscles: Short- and long-term effects on muscle, bone, and craniofacial function in adult rabbits

Botulinum toxin in masticatory muscles: Short- and long-term effects on muscle, bone, and craniofacial function in adult rabbits

Treatment of masseteric hypertrophy with botulinum toxin: A report of two cases

Literature review of the adverse events associated with botulinum toxin injection for the masseter muscle hypertrophy

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