Bottled water: Analysis of mycotoxins by LC–MS/MS

Mata, Ana T.; Ferreira, João D.; Oliveira, B.R.; Batoréu, M.C.; Crespo, Maria Teresa Barreto; Pereira, Vanessa J.; Bronze, Maria Rosário

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.12.088

Cited by 77 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This fact is not feasible in water for human consumption, since it is necessary an appreciable contamination of organic matter for fungal growth. On the other hand, contradictory results were described by Mata et al (2015), which surprisingly reported the presence of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in commercial bottled waters. The authors could not explain these unusual results, and they concluded that the origin of mycotoxin contamination in bottled water should be investigated.…”

Section: Application To Real Samplesmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…On this account, it has been described that other mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol and zearalenone) can occur in different water sources since large volumes of water are used in agricultural practices and to manufacture foods and feeds (Bucheli et al 2008;Gromadzka et al 2009). Mata et al (2015) reported the presence of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in commercial bottled waters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction for the Determination of Emerging Fusarium Mycotoxins in Water

et al. 2015

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A new method was optimized for the determination of emerging Fusarium mycotoxins enniatins (ENs) and beauvericin (BEA) in different types of water. Mycotoxin analysis was performed by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Mycotoxins were efficiently extracted from water into carbon tetrachloride by DLLME technique using acetonitrile as disperser solvent. Detection limits were in the range of 0.06-0.17 μg L −1 . Quantification was performed using matrixmatched calibration curves over a linear range from limit of quantification (LOQ) to 200 μg L −1 . Acceptable recoveries were obtained between 78.5 and 100.1 % with relative standard deviations of <14 %. The proposed method may be advised as an easy, sensitive, and accurate method for determining emerging Fusarium mycotoxins in water. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of different kinds of water. No detectable levels were achieved in surface, ground, tap, and bottled water. Concentration levels up to 50 μg L −1 were detected in cooking water related to the pasta cooking process.

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Section: Application To Real Samplesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction for the Determination of Emerging Fusarium Mycotoxins in Water

et al. 2015

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“…There is a lack of information about the effect on health of fungi being ingested directly with drinking water from the tap [21]. However, possible threats may be presented by taps that supply water not used on a daily basis; or contaminated bottled water stored for longer time in plastic bottles (Figure 1) [66,87]. A few studies conducted in Europe on bottled water reported the presence of fungi, with the genera Aspergillus , Aureobasidium , Cladosporium , Debaryomyces , Exophiala , Fusarium , Paecilomyces , Penicillium , Talaromyces , and Trichoderma being the most commonly detected (Table 1).…”

Section: Exposure To Fungi From Water In Indoor Environments and Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These genera are known to form biofilms on plastic and can use plastic material as the sole source of carbon [182]. Their growth inside bottled water may lead to mycotoxin production affecting human health (Table 2) [87]. Therefore, the existence of fungal species in drinking water that potentially can produce mycotoxins is an issue of concern and needs further studies [203].…”

Section: Exposure To Fungi From Water In Indoor Environments and Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Contaminants in Drinking Water Regulation? A Tale of Ecology, Exposure, Purification and Clinical Relevance

Babič

Gunde‐Cimerman

Vargha

et al. 2017

IJERPH

127

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Microbiological drinking water safety is traditionally monitored mainly by bacterial parameters that indicate faecal contamination. These parameters correlate with gastro-intestinal illness, despite the fact that viral agents, resulting from faecal contamination, are usually the cause. This leaves behind microbes that can cause illness other than gastro-intestinal and several emerging pathogens, disregarding non-endemic microbial contaminants and those with recent pathogenic activity reported. This white paper focuses on one group of contaminants known to cause allergies, opportunistic infections and intoxications: Fungi. It presents a review on their occurrence, ecology and physiology. Additionally, factors contributing to their presence in water distribution systems, as well as their effect on water quality are discussed. Presence of opportunistic and pathogenic fungi in drinking water can pose a health risk to consumers due to daily contact with water, via several exposure points, such as drinking and showering. The clinical relevance and influence on human health of the most common fungal contaminants in drinking water is discussed. Our goal with this paper is to place fungal contaminants on the roadmap of evidence based and emerging threats for drinking water quality safety regulations.

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“…Alternaria and Fusarium genus belong genera producing mycotoxins (Mata et al, 2015). One of the most effective measures to control their diseases is the use of synthetic fungicides known by their negative effects on health and environment (Ramaiah and Garampalli, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical profile and antifungal potential of essential oils from leaves and flowers of Salvia algeriensis (Desf.): A comparative study

Medjahed

Merouane

Saadi

et al. 2016

Chilean J. Agric. Res.

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Bottled water: Analysis of mycotoxins by LC–MS/MS

Cited by 77 publications

References 24 publications

Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction for the Determination of Emerging Fusarium Mycotoxins in Water

Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction for the Determination of Emerging Fusarium Mycotoxins in Water

Fungal Contaminants in Drinking Water Regulation? A Tale of Ecology, Exposure, Purification and Clinical Relevance

Chemical profile and antifungal potential of essential oils from leaves and flowers of Salvia algeriensis (Desf.): A comparative study

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