Botanical polysaccharides: Macrophage immunomodulation and therapeutic potential

Schepetkin, Igor A.; Quinn, Mark T.

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2005.10.005

Cited by 1,067 publications

(649 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…More-over, treatment with SN50 and BAY11-7082, inhibitors of NF-κB nuclear translocation, effectively inhibited the activation of NF-κB complexes and the phosphorylation of IκB, and consequently suppressed both LPS-and PFIO-induced phagocytic uptake. Although the major receptor for polysaccharides in fungal immunity is known to be dectin-1 (Herre et al, 2004), several PRRs such as TLR2, TLR4 and CR3 (Schepetkin and Quinn, 2006;Yoon et al, 2000) have also been shown to participate in the response to plantderived polysaccharides. Therefore, this study investigated whether these molecules are capable of acting as a receptor for PFIO in the modulation of macrophage activation through PFIO-induced TNF-α secretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunostimulating Activity by Polysaccharides Isolated from Fruiting Body of Inonotus obliquus

Won

Lee

Kwon

et al. 2011

Molecules and Cells

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In this study, we investigated the immunostimulating activity of polysaccharides isolated from fruiting body of Inonotus obliquus (PFIO). Additionally, the signaling pathway of PFIO-mediated macrophage activation was investigated in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. We found that PFIO was capable of promoting NO/ROS production, TNF-α secretion and phagocytic uptake in macrophages, as well as cell proliferation, comitogenic effect and IFN-γ/IL-4 secretion in mouse splenocytes. PFIO was able to induce the phosphorylation of three MAPKs as well as the nuclear translocation of NF-κB, resulting in activation of RAW264.7 macrophages. PFIO also induced the inhibition of TNF-α secretion by anti-TLR2 mAb, consequently, PFIO might be involved in TNF-α secretion via the TLR2 receptor. In addition, our results showed that oral administration of PFIO suppressed in vivo growth of melanoma tumor in tumorbearing mice. In conclusion, our experiments presented that PFIO effectively promotes macrophage activation through the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, suggesting that PFIO may potentially regulate the immune response.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunostimulating Activity by Polysaccharides Isolated from Fruiting Body of Inonotus obliquus

Won

Lee

Kwon

et al. 2011

Molecules and Cells

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“…In addition, β-glucan binding also triggers intracellular processes, characterized by the respiratory burst after phagocytosis of invading cells (formation of reactive oxygen species and free radicals -hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radical, NO, HOCl [hypochlorous acid], HOI [hypoiodous acid] etc. ), increasing of content and activity of hydrolytic and metabolic enzymes, and signaling processes leading to activation of other phagocytes and secretion of cytokines and other substances initiating inflammation reactions (e.g., IL-1, IL-9, tumor necrosis factor-α Schepetkin and Quinn (2006). It is important for the pharmacological effect of β-glucan that activated macrophages do not act only against the activator but also against any present antigen, microorganism or tumor cell.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Glucans, History, and the Present: Immunomodulatory Aspects and Mechanisms of Action

Novák

Větvička²

2008

Journal of Immunotoxicology

290

219

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The present paper represents a comprehensive up-to-date review of β-glucans, their chemical and biological properties, and their role in immunological reactions. β-D-Glucans belong to a group of physiologically active compounds called biological response modifiers and represent highly conserved structural components of cell walls in yeast, fungi, or seaweed. Despite almost 150 years of research, the exact mechanisms of their action remain unclear. The present review starts with the history of glucans. Next, attention is focused on sources and structure, comparing the effects of physicochemical properties, and sources on biological effects. As glucans belong to natural products useful in preventing various diseases, they have been highly sought after throughout human history. Based on extensive recent research, this paper explains the various mechanisms of effects and the ways glucans mediate their effects on defense reactions against infections. Despite the fact that predominately pharmacological effects of glucans are positive, their unfavorable and potentially toxic side effects were not overlooked. In addition, attention was focused on the future research, possible alternatives such as synthetic oligosaccharides, and on clinical applications.

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“…In recent years a lot of attention has been paid to polysaccharides because of their unique biological activities [169]. Yang et al (2009) have confirmed the presence of high quantity of polysaccharides in longan pericarp tissues (Dimocarpus longan Lour.)…”

Section: Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Derived Agents with Anti-Glycation Activity

Odjakova¹,

Popova²,

Sharif³

et al. 2012

Glycosylation

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Botanical polysaccharides: Macrophage immunomodulation and therapeutic potential

Cited by 1,067 publications

References 165 publications

Immunostimulating Activity by Polysaccharides Isolated from Fruiting Body of Inonotus obliquus

Immunostimulating Activity by Polysaccharides Isolated from Fruiting Body of Inonotus obliquus

β-Glucans, History, and the Present: Immunomodulatory Aspects and Mechanisms of Action

Plant-Derived Agents with Anti-Glycation Activity

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