Botanical extracts: alternative control for silverleaf whitefly management in tomato Extratos botânicos: controle alternativo para o manejo de mosca-branca em tomateiro

Abstract

Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotype B is one of the most limiting pests of tomato crops in the world. Tomato yield is currently dependent on the use of pesticides, which are problematic to farmers, consumers and the environment. A promising alternative to reduce the harmful effects caused by the indiscriminated use of synthetic insecticides is the use of insecticides of botanical origin. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 3% (w/v) aqueous extracts from different structures of thirteen botanical species on the behavior of B. tabaci biotype B adults, as well as insecticidal activity of such aqueous extracts on B. tabaci eggs, nymphs, and adults infesting tomato plants. A distilled water solution was used as a negative control, and thiamethoxam insecticide (18 g/100 L of water) as a positive control. Leaf extract of Toona ciliata was observed to have the most efficient inhibitory effect in tests of extracts on whitefly behavior. Furthermore, the use of leaf extract of Toona ciliata led to the most drastic reduction in the number of adults and eggs on tomato leaflets. Leaf extract of Piper aduncum led to the greatest observed ovicidal effect (78.00% of non-hatched nymphs); however it was not effective against nymphs and adults. The leaf extracts of Trichilia pallida, Trichilia casaretti, and Toona ciliata showed the highest control indexes (67.9, 60.3, and 55.1%, respectively). For adults mortality, T. pallida was the most effective (72.8%). Our results indicate that application of extracts of T. pallida, T. ciliata, and T. casaretti are promising strategies to manage B. tabaci biotype B on tomato.

The Influence of Visual and Olfactory Cues in Host Selection for Bemisia tabaci Biotype B in the Presence or Absence of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus

“…Since B. tabaci is diurnal, with peak flight activity occurring between 9:00 and 13:00 [6], it is assumed that visual cues primarily drive host selection [7]; however, host selection behavior for B. tabaci may be far more complex than previously thought. For instance, plant volatiles also play important roles in whitefly host selection, as evidenced by how surfactants, oils, kaolin, and other products can repel or reduce B. tabaci settlement on a host [8][9][10]. In addition, using volatiles as attractants or interplanting with crops such as coriander to mask the volatiles of a target crop can also prove effective [7].…”

Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) Management (WFM) Strategies for Sustainable Agriculture: A Review

“…Bemicia tabaci has a broad host range which includes crop plants such as cassava [23] tomato [59,60], eggplant [61], cinnamon, cucurbits [62], muskmelon [63], okra [31], cucumber [33], black pepper [64], sunflower [65], pulses [11], tobacco [66,67], groundnut, cabbage [68], soybeans [69], potatoes [70], cauliflowers [71,72], cotton [35,73], lettuce [74], and numerous other crops of great economic importance. Table 1 summarizes the reports on the effect of whitefly infestations on different agricultural crops.…”

“…and garlic extracts [166], Jatropha curcas L. extracts [167], and fermented-extracts of neem and wild garlic have also been used against several insect pests [168,169]. Plant-based essential oils have been extensively studied for the control of B. tabaci, [60]. Oils of Piper callosum Ruiz and Pav, Adenocalymma alliaceum Lam, and Plectranthus neochilus Schltr.…”

Potencial inseticida de caldas agroecológicas no controle do curuquerê da couve, Ascia monuste orseis (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

“…Os insetos são um dos fatores que causam grandes perdas na produção de Brassicaceae, e dentre eles, se destaca como praga chave a lagarta Ascia monuste orseis (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), um inseto desfolhador, que pode causar perdas significativas de até 100% da cultura da couve (Baldin et al, 2015;Medeiros & Junior, 2005;Pereira et al, 2003).…”