Borrelia persica: In vitro cultivation and characterization via conventional PCR and multilocus sequence analysis of two strains isolated from a cat and ticks from Israel

Schwarzer, Sandra; Margos, Gabriele; Overzier, Evelyn; Fingerle, Volker; Baneth, Gad; Straubinger, Reinhard K.

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2015.06.012

Cited by 11 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Low-passage strains of Bp (LMU-C01; feline isolated, passage 2) and Bbss (N40; passage 4) were used for the infection of mice [12,38,39]. Frozen glycerol stocks of Bp were cultivated in Pettenkofer/LMU Bp medium at 37 °C [40], and those of Bbss were cultivated in commercial Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly H (BSK-H) complete medium with 6% rabbit serum (Sigma-Aldrich, Taufkirchen, Germany) at 33 °C [41]. Bacteria were counted with a dark-field microscope (10×/40; Leica DM2500; Leica Microsystems GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) using a Petroff-Hausser counting chamber (Hausser Scientific, Horsham, Pennsylvania, USA).…”

Section: Borrelial Strains and Cultivation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid clearance of Borrelia burgdorferi from the blood circulation

Liang¹,

Wang

Schorter³

et al. 2020

Parasites Vectors

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Background: Borrelia burgdorferi is a tick-borne spirochete that causes Lyme borreliosis (LB). After an initial tick bite, it spreads from the deposition site in the dermis to distant tissues of the host. It is generally believed that this spirochete disseminates via the hematogenous route. Borrelia persica causes relapsing fever and is able to replicate in the blood stream. Currently the exact dissemination pathway of LB pathogens in the host is not known and controversially discussed. Methods: In this study, we established a strict intravenous infection murine model using host-adapted spirochetes. Survival capacity and infectivity of host-adapted B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (Bbss) were compared to those of B. persica (Bp) after either intradermal (ID) injection into the dorsal skin of immunocompetent mice or strict intravenous (IV) inoculation via the jugular vein. By in vitro culture and PCR, viable spirochetes and their DNA load in peripheral blood were periodically monitored during a 49/50-day course post-injection, as well as in various tissue samples collected at day 49/50. Specific antibodies in individual plasma/serum samples were detected with serological methods. Results: Regardless of ID or IV injection, DNA of Bp was present in blood samples up to day 24 post-challenge, while no Bbss was detectable in the blood circulation during the complete observation period. In contrast to the brain tropism of Bp, Bbss spirochetes were found in ear, skin, joint, bladder, and heart tissue samples of only ID-inoculated mice. All tested tissues collected from IV-challenged mice were negative for traces of Bbss. ELISA testing of serum samples showed that Bp induced gradually increasing antibody levels after ID or IV inoculation, while Bbss did so only after ID injection but not after IV inoculation. Conclusions: This study allows us to draw the following conclusions: (i) Bp survives in the blood and disseminates to the host's brain via the hematogenous route; and (ii) Bbss, in contrast, is cleared rapidly from the blood stream and is a tissue-bound spirochete.

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Section: Borrelial Strains and Cultivation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid clearance of Borrelia burgdorferi from the blood circulation

Liang¹,

Wang

Schorter³

et al. 2020

Parasites Vectors

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“…For this study, 100 μl of thawed B . persica passages (strain LMU-C01, isolated from a cat in Israel; passage 2, 3.9 x 10 6 organisms/ml) were cultivated in Pettenkofer/LMU Bp medium as described previously [ 15 ]. Cultures were incubated for five days and viable bacteria were counted with a Petroff-Hausser counting chamber (Hausser Scientific, Horsham, Pennsylvania, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The purified bacterial lysate was utilized to detect mouse antibodies in the serological two-tiered test system (ELISA and western blot). Spirochetes were first cultured as described elsewhere [ 15 ]. When bacteria reached the late exponential phase (after five days), 150 μl were transferred into each of two 12-ml tubes (Centrifuge Tube 12; TPP, Faust Lab Science GmbH) containing 6 ml medium and were further incubated for three days.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…persica [ 12 – 14 ] and just recently it was possible to maintain B . persica in vitro [ 14 , 15 ]. However, for other RF borrelia species the mouse is usually considered to be the appropriate animal model [ 16 – 19 ] and Babudieri investigated relapsing fever in Jordan by injecting blood of diseased patients into mice in order to confirm TBRF spirochetosis [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Borrelia persica Infection in Immunocompetent Mice - A New Tool to Study the Infection Kinetics In Vivo

et al. 2016

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Borrelia persica, a bacterium transmitted by the soft tick Ornithodoros tholozani, causes tick-borne relapsing fever in humans in the Middle East, Central Asia and the Indian peninsula. Immunocompetent C3H/HeOuJ mice were infected intradermally with B. persica at varying doses: 1 x 106, 1 x 104, 1 x 102 and 4 x 100 spirochetes/mouse. Subsequently, blood samples were collected and screened for the presence of B. persica DNA. Spirochetes were detected in all mice infected with 1 x 106, 1 x 104 and 1 x 102 borrelia by real-time PCR targeting the flaB gene of the bacterium. Spirochetemia developed with a one- to two-day delay when 1 x 104 and 1 x 102 borrelia were inoculated. Mice injected with only four organisms were negative in all tests. No clinical signs were observed when infected mice were compared to negative control animals. Organs (heart, spleen, urinary bladder, tarsal joint, skin and brain) were tested for B. persica-specific DNA and cultured for the detection of viable spirochetes. Compiled data show that the target organs of B. persica infections are the brain and the skin. A newly developed serological two-tiered test system (ELISA and western blot) for the detection of murine IgM, IgG and IgA antibody titers against B. persica showed a vigorous antibody response of the mice during infection. In conclusion, the infection model described here for B. persica is a platform for in vivo studies to decipher the so far unexplored survival strategies of this Borrelia species.

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“…More recently, there have also been confirmed reports of Borrelia persica as the cause of relapsing fever in cats (Schwarzer et al . ; Baneth et al . ).…”

Section: Tick‐borne Relapsing Fever In Dogs and Catsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tick‐borne relapsing fever as a potential veterinary medical problem

Elelu

2018

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Tick‐borne relapsing fever (TBRF) caused by the bacteria Borrelia, is poorly documented in veterinary medicine. Given the widespread presence of the soft tick vectors – Ornithodoros and the recently discovered hard tick vectors, as well as their close association with animal hosts, it is highly likely that infection occurs, but is rarely reported to be of veterinary importance. Sporadic reports of canine infection, some being fatal through to probable cause of abortion in horses have been published. Some of these pathogens exist in regions where there are limited diagnostic facilities, hence, they are likely to be missed and their impact on productivity may be unquantified. Here we review available literatures on cases of TBRF in domestic and wild animals in order to show their potential veterinary medical impact. Future efforts using field and laboratory surveys are needed to determine pathogenesis, vector competence and distribution in animals, their impact on animal health and productivity as well as to prevent further spill to the human population, where it is already a public health problem in some parts of the world.

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Borrelia persica: In vitro cultivation and characterization via conventional PCR and multilocus sequence analysis of two strains isolated from a cat and ticks from Israel

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Rapid clearance of Borrelia burgdorferi from the blood circulation

Rapid clearance of Borrelia burgdorferi from the blood circulation

Borrelia persica Infection in Immunocompetent Mice - A New Tool to Study the Infection Kinetics In Vivo

Tick‐borne relapsing fever as a potential veterinary medical problem

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