Boreal forest fires in 1997 and 1998: a seasonal comparison using transport model simulations and measurement data

Spichtinger, N.; Damoah, R.; Eckhardt, Sabine; Forster, C.; James, P.; Beirle, Steffen; Marbach, T.; Wagner, Thomas; Novelli, P. C.; Stohl, Andreas

doi:10.5194/acp-4-1857-2004

Cited by 41 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…Those studies were mainly focused on biomass burning aerosols except that of Forster et al (2001) which also addressed CO emissions, but with measurements made in Germany, thus, concerning Central Europe. Damoah et al (2004) and Spichtinger et al (2004) have reported transport of fire emissions from Russia to 65 Europe via eastward circumnavigation, but they were not specifically focused on the MB and did not include insitu measurements at high altitude.…”

Section: Within This Scientific Framework Chemistry-aerosol Mediterrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3a). As FLEXPART has already proved its accuracy in simulating events of long-range transport of fire plumes Damoah et al, 2004Damoah et al, , 2006De Gouw et al, 2006;Stohl et al, 2007;Lapina et al, 2008;Cristofanelli, 2013) and the question of convection induced by fires has been solved by 290 applying a higher injection altitude, one hypothesis for those lower concentrations would be an underestimation of the GFAS CO emissions, although Kaiser et al (2012) do not discuss a correction to be applied to CO emissions. Finally, an amplification factor of 2 has to be applied to get similar CO quantities during the event,…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

“…Bertschi et al, 2004 and references therein;Spichtinger et al, 2004;Heald et al, 2003, 2006 andreferences therein;Bertschi and Jaffe, 2005;Holzer et al, 2005) with a transport within 5 to 8 days and with plumes at altitudes ranging from the mid to the upper troposphere. Boreal forest fires, most frequent in Canada and Siberia (Spichtinger et al, 2004), occur mainly from May to October (Lavoué et al, 2000). The location of Siberian emissions is in agreement with Liang et al (2004) who indicate that summertime 380 emissions from boreal forest fires are exported at latitudes higher than 55°N, what is confirmed by Spichtinger et al (2004) with the highest concentrations above Siberia found at latitudes up to 70°N.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Compounds from fires or photochemically produced within fire plumes can be transported horizontally, but also vertically and be injected into the mid to upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (e.g. Fromm and Servranckx, 2003;Colarco et al, 2004;Damoah et al, 2004;Jost et al, 2004;Nedelec et al, 2005;Damoah et al, 2006;Cammas et al, 2009;Dahlkötter et al, 2014) when the fire activity is strong enough and can thus affect climate and air quality (Val Martin et al, 2006 and 50 references therein).…”

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Intercontinental transport of biomass burning pollutants over the Mediterranean Basin during the summer 2014 ChArMEx-GLAM airborne campaign

Krysztofiak-Tong¹,

Brocchi²,

Catoire³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. The Gradient in Longitude of Atmospheric constituents above the Mediterranean basin (GLAM)10 campaign was set up in August 2014, as part of the Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean Experiment (ChArMEx) project. This campaign aimed at studying the chemical variability of gaseous pollutants and aerosols in the troposphere along a West-East transect above the Mediterranean Basin (MB). In the present work, we focus on two biomass burning events detected at 5.4 and 9.7 km altitude above sea level (asl) above Sardinia (from 39°12N-9°15E to 35°35N-12°35E and at 39°30N-8°25E, respectively). Concentration variations in trace gas Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi

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Section: Within This Scientific Framework Chemistry-aerosol Mediterrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Intercontinental transport of biomass burning pollutants over the Mediterranean Basin during the summer 2014 ChArMEx-GLAM airborne campaign

Krysztofiak-Tong¹,

Brocchi²,

Catoire³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Interannual variability of tropospheric trace gases and aerosols: The role of biomass burning emissions

et al. 2015

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Fires are responsible for a range of gaseous and aerosol emissions. However, their influence on the interannual variability of atmospheric trace gases and aerosols has not been systematically investigated from a global perspective. We examine biomass burning emissions as a driver of interannual variability of large-scale abundances of short-lived constituents such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydroxyl radicals (OH), ozone, and aerosols using the Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE composition-climate model and a range of observations, with an emphasis on satellite information. Our model captures the observed variability of the constituents examined in most cases, but with substantial underestimates in boreal regions. The strongest interannual variability on a global scale is found for carbon monoxide (~10% for its global annual burden), while the lowest is found for tropospheric ozone (~1% for its global annual burden). Regionally, aerosol optical depth shows the largest variability which exceeds 50%. Areas of strong variability of both aerosols and CO include the tropical land regions (especially Equatorial Asia and South America) and northern high latitudes, while even regions in the northern midlatitudes experience substantial interannual variability of aerosols. Ozone variability peaks over equatorial Asia in boreal autumn, partly due to varying biomass burning emissions, and over the western and central Pacific in the rest of the year, mainly due to meteorological fluctuations. We find that biomass burning emissions are almost entirely responsible for global CO interannual variability, and similarly important for OH variability. The same is true for global and regional aerosol variability, especially when not taking into account dust and sea-salt particles. We show that important implications can arise from such interannual influences for regional climate and air quality.

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Relationships between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, precipitation, and nitrogen wet deposition rates in the contiguous United States

Nergui

Evans

Adam

et al. 2016

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Human activities have significantly increased reactive nitrogen (N) in the environment, leading to adverse effects on various ecosystems. We used 1979-2012 seasonal inorganic N wet deposition data from the National Atmospheric Deposition Program to evaluate the relationship between the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and N wet deposition in the contiguous U.S. The correlations between precipitation and inorganic N wet deposition were the strongest and most spatially extensive during winter; up to 62% and 53% of the 2 to 6 year variations of precipitation and N wet deposition rates, respectively, in the Rocky Mountains, along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico and near the Great Lakes, can be explained by variation in the NINO3.4 climate index, which was used as a measure of ENSO activity. During El Niño winters, precipitation and N wet deposition rates were higher than normal in the southern U.S., while La Niña events brought higher precipitation and N wet deposition to the Rocky Mountains and Great Lakes regions. Wintertime N wet deposition correlations held through springtime in the Great Lakes and the northeast; however, correlations between NINO3.4 and precipitation were not significant at most sites, suggesting factors besides precipitation amount contributed to the 2 to 6 year variation of N wet deposition in these regions. As the frequency, strength, and types of ENSO change in the future, interannual variability of N wet deposition will be affected, indirectly affecting spatial distribution of dry N deposition and potentially changing the overall spatial patterns of N deposition.

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Boreal forest fires in 1997 and 1998: a seasonal comparison using transport model simulations and measurement data

Abstract: Abstract. Forest fire emissions have a strong impact on the concentrations of trace gases and aerosols in the atmosphere. In order to quantify the influence of boreal forest fire emissions on the atmospheric composition, the fire sea-

Cited by 41 publications

References 39 publications

Intercontinental transport of biomass burning pollutants over the Mediterranean Basin during the summer 2014 ChArMEx-GLAM airborne campaign

Intercontinental transport of biomass burning pollutants over the Mediterranean Basin during the summer 2014 ChArMEx-GLAM airborne campaign

Interannual variability of tropospheric trace gases and aerosols: The role of biomass burning emissions

Relationships between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, precipitation, and nitrogen wet deposition rates in the contiguous United States

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