Boosting interfacial charge transfer by constructing rare earth–doped WOx nanorods/SnO2 hybrid electron transport layer for efficient perovskite solar cells

Chen, X.; Shi, Zhifeng; Pan, Gencai; Zhu, Jinyang; Hu, Jun; Wu, Yanjie; Tian, Yongzhi; Li, X.; Xu, Wen

doi:10.1016/j.mtener.2021.100724

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…RE 3+ -doped upconversion (UC) nanocrystals (NCs) have drawn tremendous attention due to their large anti-Stokes shift, excellent optical stability, and intense UC emission. So, they have great potential applications in biomolecular sensing, − deep-tissue imaging, , optogenetics, lightings, , laser, , solar cells, − temperature sensor, − and other fields. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant Fluorescence Enhancement through Rapid Laser Annealing and Nonthermal Coupling Optical Temperature Sensing of Er-Doped Yttria Nanocrystals

et al. 2022

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Rare-earth-ion-doped nanocrystals have low quantum conversion efficiency due to their high surface-to-volume ratios and many surface defects, which induce fluorescence quenching. We propose a laser annealing strategy that uses a 974.5 nm laser with a high power density to heat Er3+-doped Y2O3 nanocrystals for several seconds. As a result, the upconversion of Er3+-doped Y2O3 nanocrystals is enhanced obviously after laser annealing: the green emission is enhanced by 90 times and red emission by 24 times. The main reason for the upconversion enhancement is the ultrahigh temperature caused by laser annealing, which increases the grain size and reduces the surface defects. It is an encouraging result, and laser annealing is suitable for various rare-earth-ion-doped oxide nanoparticles. Then, the strong upconversion is applied to measure temperature. After laser annealing, the highly improved fluorescence efficiency decreases the required excitation power density. The thermal effect of excitation light is negligible when the excitation power density is less than 0.13 W/mm2. The thermally coupled levels of I538/I563 and nonthermally coupled levels of I661/I800 are studied for thermometry. The experimental results show that I661/I800 has high absolute sensitivity than I538/I563 at a temperature below 400 K. Rate equations and multiphonon transitions are applied to explain the relationship between the nonthermally coupled fluorescence intensity ratio and temperature. It is instructive for the design of new temperature sensors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant Fluorescence Enhancement through Rapid Laser Annealing and Nonthermal Coupling Optical Temperature Sensing of Er-Doped Yttria Nanocrystals

et al. 2022

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“…Based on the results calculated from UPS, the E Fermi of MAPbI 2.91 Br 0.09 /PTAA:Ce 3+/4+ shifts upward compared to the MAPbI 2.91 Br 0.09 /PTAA thin film, inducing an ohmic contact at the interface between Ce 3+/4+ ‐doped perovskite and PCBM, which is beneficial to the electron extraction, thus improving the short‐circuit current density ( J SC ) of the PSCs. [ 36 ] Moreover, the E LUMO (−4.27 eV) of MAPbI 2.91 Br 0.09 /PTAA:Ce 3+/4+ is aligned well with that (−4.3 eV) of MAPbI 2.91 Br 0.09 PCBM layer and the E LUMO (−4.5 eV) of the Ag cathode. Such energy‐level alignment can ensure the separated electrons are transferred from the perovskite layer to the PCBM ETL and then collected by the Ag anode (Figure S2 and S3, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Thermal‐Induced Cerium‐Doped Perovskite Solar Cells with a Fill Factor Exceeding 81%

Tang

Zhang

et al. 2023

Solar RRL

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Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites have attracted significant attention due to their remarkable optoelectronic properties and the feasibility of cost‐effective, high‐throughput manufacturing of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The present p–i–n PSCs have poor film‐forming ability on poly[bis(4‐phenyl)(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)‐amine] (PTAA) film, resulting in a great number of defects within perovskite. Herein, the cerium ion (Ce3+) into the PTAA layer is successfully incorporated, which is thermal‐induced transferred onto the perovskite lattice and surface layer, by replacing Pb2+ in partial or uncoordinated metalsites and Ce3+–Ce4+ ion pair to suppress the bulk/surface defects, leading to a significantly enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE). Systemically studies demonstrate that thermal‐induced Ce3+/4+‐doped MAPbI2.91Br0.09 thin film possesses superior film morphology with a uniform surface, suppressed nonradiative recombination, and enhanced crystallinity due to fewer bulk/surface defects. Moreover, PSCs by MAPbI2.91Br0.09/PTAA:xCe3+/4+ (x = 0.5 wt%) thin film exhibit suppressed charge carrier recombination and shorter charge carrier extraction time. As a result, PSCs by MAPbI2.91Br0.09/PTAA:xCe3+/4+ (x = 0.5 wt%) thin film exhibit PCE of 21.32% with significantly increased fill factor (FF) of 81.17% and long‐term stability. All these results indicate that the approach provides a facile way to incorporate rare‐earth ions into perovskites to boost the performance of PSCs.

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“…Chen et al [208] used the Lanthanide ions (La 3þ ,Sm 3þ , Eu 3þ , Dy 3þ , Er 3þ , Yb 3þ ) doped WO x nanorods were prepared by the hot solvent method for perovskite crystal quality improving and charge recombination hindering by interface traps/defects reducing between the ETL and perovskite. As their result, the La:WO x /SnO 2 bilayer ETL showed the best PCE of 21.42% with high stability in compared to SnO 2 -based devices (19.08%).…”

Section: Sno 2 and Inorganic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Temperature Processing Methods for Tin Oxide as Electron Transporting Layer in Scalable Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2023

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Perovskite solar cell (PSC) technology experiences a remarkably rapid growth toward commercialization with certified efficiency of over 25%, along with the outstanding breakthrough in the development of SnO2. Owing to the wide bandgap, high electron mobility, chemical stability, and low photocatalytic activity, SnO2 has been the rising star to serve as electron transporting layer (ETL). More importantly, the low‐temperature fabrication process (<200 °C) enables SnO2 a promising candidate for the industry, making it compatible with the plastic substrates and large‐scale production, which is crucial for the flexible and scalable devices fabrication. In this review, the processing methods (solution‐based, vacuum‐based, and vapor‐based deposition) of low‐temperature SnO2 (LT‐SnO2) and the pros and cons of them with a focus on their scalability are discussed. Additionally, the morphologies of obtained LT‐SnO2 are investigated to guide the design and performance improvement of devices. The modification strategies to reduce undesired nonradiative recombination and passivate the defects in the bulk or at the interface of LT‐SnO2, influencing the quality of perovskite films, together with the efficiency and stability of cells are summarized. This review is a comprehensive overview of the studies on low‐temperature SnO2 ETL and provides detailed instructions for scalable PSCs.

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Boosting interfacial charge transfer by constructing rare earth–doped WOx nanorods/SnO2 hybrid electron transport layer for efficient perovskite solar cells

Cited by 9 publications

References 44 publications

Significant Fluorescence Enhancement through Rapid Laser Annealing and Nonthermal Coupling Optical Temperature Sensing of Er-Doped Yttria Nanocrystals

Significant Fluorescence Enhancement through Rapid Laser Annealing and Nonthermal Coupling Optical Temperature Sensing of Er-Doped Yttria Nanocrystals

Thermal‐Induced Cerium‐Doped Perovskite Solar Cells with a Fill Factor Exceeding 81%

Low‐Temperature Processing Methods for Tin Oxide as Electron Transporting Layer in Scalable Perovskite Solar Cells

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