Bone tissue response to an MTA‐based endodontic sealer, and the effect of the addition of calcium aluminate and silver particles

Abstract

Aim To evaluate bone tissue reactions in rats to an MTA‐based endodontic sealer with and without the addition of various concentrations of C3A or C3A + Ag. Methodology Bone tissue reactions were evaluated in 45 Wistar rats after 7, 30 and 90 days (n = 5 per period). Three surgical cavities were prepared on the right femur and filled with 0.2 mL MTA Fillapex, MTA Fillapex + C3A and C3A + Ag at various concentrations: AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey GmbH, Konstanz, Germany), EndoSequence BC (Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA, USA) or no sealer (negative control). By the end of each experimental period, animals were randomly euthanized. The samples were histologically processed and analysed using a light microscope. The presence of inflammatory cells, fibres and hard tissue barrier formation was evaluated. Data were analysed statistically using nonparametric tests to compare the differences between groups. Multiple groups were compared using the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U‐tests with a Bonferroni correction at P = 0.05. Results The inflammatory response significantly decreased from 30 to 90 days (P < 0.05). Fibre condensation was similar amongst the groups at 07 and 30 days after intervention (P > 0.05). At 90 days, however, fibres were absent in most specimens of EndoSequence BC Sealer, AH Plus, MTA Fillapex and the control group, whilst they were still observed in samples of the modified sealers (P < 0.05). At 90 days, all specimens of AH Plus, EndoSequence BC Sealer and control group had complete formation of hard tissue barrier. In the MTA Fillapex group, as well as in the modified sealers groups, partial deposition of mineralized tissue was noticed. Conclusion The hypothesis tested that the incorporation of C3A and C3A + Ag particles to MTA Fillapex would improve bone tissue repair was partially accepted, since modified MTA Fillapex did not have the same repair potential as the commercial bioceramic material.

Cytocompatibility and cell proliferation evaluation of calcium phosphate-based root canal sealers

“…Mahdi et al [22] suppose that MTA Fillapex's genotoxic effect might be associated with the release of the resinous components. On the other hand, the reparative and bioactive capacity of MTA-based materials, such as BC Sealer, was demonstrated when evaluated in connective tissue and osteoblastic cell line of rats [12,16] corroborating the results of this study. This ability may be explained by the presence of particles in their formulation responsible for maintaining a highly alkaline pH around 9, similar to MTA powder [23].…”

“…Several methodologies have been used to evaluate the biocompatibility of endodontic sealers, including implantation into living tissues in animals and in vitro tests with different cell lines [4,5,[12][13][14][15][16]. In this study, the 3T3 fibroblast cell line was chosen to perform the assays.…”

Evaluation of Adaptability of Three Different Root Canal Sealers. (In Vitro Study)

“…The sealer sets through addition polymerization which guarantees long-term dimensional stability. 7 MTA Fillapex (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil) is MTA based endodontic sealer that contains 13% MTA and 38% resin in its composition 8 . MTA fillapex has been shown to have higher values of solubility than accepted values of American National Standards Institute/American Dental Association (ANSI/ADA) specifications as claimed by Borges et al, FariaJunior et al, Viapiana et al 2 GuttaFlow Bioseal (Coltène/Whaledent, Langenau, Germany) was introduced in market in 2015 as a new advancement of Guttaflow 2.…”

Bone repair in defects filled with AH Plus sealer and different concentrations of MTA: a study in rat tibiae

“…An attempt was made to increase the biocompatibility of MTA Fillapex by adding ceramic particles; however, even though a decrease was observed in the acute and chronic inflammatory responses, no formation of mineralized tissue was seen [ 25 ]. The toxicity of MTA Fillapex has been attributed to its chemical composition, since the salicylate resin has already been shown to induce apoptosis [ 9 23 ].…”