Bone Sparing Effect of a Novel Phytoestrogen Diarylheptanoid from Curcuma comosa Roxb. in Ovariectomized Rats

Abstract

Phytoestrogens have been implicated in the prevention of bone loss in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Recently, an active phytoestrogen from Curcuma comosa Roxb, diarylheptanoid (DPHD), (3R)-1,7-diphenyl-(4E,6E)-4,6-heptadien-3-ol, was found to strongly promote human osteoblast function in vitro. In the present study, we demonstrated the protective effect of DPHD on ovariectomy-induced bone loss (OVX) in adult female Sprague-Dawley rats with 17β-estradiol (E2, 10 µg/kg Bw) as a positive control. Treatment of OVX animals with DPHD at 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg Bw for 12 weeks markedly increased bone mineral density (BMD) of tibial metaphysis as measured by peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT). Histomorphometric analysis of bone structure indicated that DPHD treatment retarded the ovariectomy-induced deterioration of bone microstructure. Ovariectomy resulted in a marked decrease in trabecular bone volume, number and thickness and these changes were inhibited by DPHD treatment, similar to that seen with E2. Moreover, DPHD decreased markers of bone turnover, including osteocalcin and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity. These results suggest that DPHD has a bone sparing effect in ovariectomy-induced trabecular bone loss and prevents deterioration of bone microarchitecture by suppressing the rate of bone turnover. Therefore, DPHD appears to be a promising candidate for preserving bone mass and structure in the estrogen deficient women with a potential role in reducing postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Liraglutide exerts a bone‑protective effect in ovariectomized rats with streptozotocin‑induced diabetes by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis

“…In the OVX rats, by contrast, serum markers of bone formation (OC) and bone resorption (CTX-1) were both elevated, while both osteoblasts and osteoclasts were increased. These findings, in line with previous studies (27,28), suggest that OVX-induced bone loss was due to an increase rate of bone turnover. Liraglutide was implicated to have an anabolic bone effect because it increased the bone formation marker (N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen) in weight loss-induced bone mass reduction (12).…”

Phytoestrogens: The current state of research emphasizing breast pathophysiology

“…A phytoestrogen of interest recently is the coffee constituent trigonelline, reported to be capable of modifying the rate of cell proliferation in vitro , using estrogen receptor positive MCF7 cells (Allred, Yackley, Vanamala, & Allred, ). An estrogenic diarylheptanoid, (3 R )‐1,7‐diphenyl‐(4 E ,6 E )‐4,6‐heptadien‐3‐ol, isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma comosa , showed a protective effect against the deterioration of bone microarchitecture in adult female Sprague‐Dawley rats (Tantikanlayaporn et al, ). The phytoestrogen content of foods and dietary supplements continues to be an area of active study due to the important health issues surrounding phytoestrogens.…”

Syntheses and antibacterial activities of 4 linear nonphenolic diarylheptanoids

“…The following isolation of ( R) -2 was performed by Suksamrarn et al [8] and was reported to exhibit a good level of phytoestrogenic activity. In further studies, Tantikanlayaporn et al [10,11] isolated ( R)-2 from Curcuma comosa and reported its very strong phytoestrogenic activity. Zhang et al [12] reported ( E) -1,7-diphenyl-5-hepten-3-one (3) and compound 5 as new natural diarylheptanoids with strong antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori.…”