Diarylpentanoids, having Ar-C5-Ar chain, are a small class of natural products, most of which have been discovered in last the decade. This review comprises 20 natural diarylpentanoids, including their isolation, characterization and biological activities.
The principle purpose of this study is to synthesize some Schiff base derivatives with a new microwave irradiation technique and investigate their enzyme inhibition effects. Related Schiff base compounds (1 a–1 h) were synthesized from 4‐fluoro aniline and some substituted benzaldehyde derivatives (3 a–3 h). The chemical structures of Schiff bases were elucidated by various spectroscopic methods (1H NMR, 13C NMR). The inhibitory effects of the synthesized compounds against acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and glutathione S‐transferase were investigated. The in vitro enzyme study determined the best enzyme inhibitors for AChE, BChE, and GST enzymes as 3 h, 3 b, and 3 e compounds, respectively. The results were compared with the standard drugs tacrine for cholinesterase and ethacrynic acid for GST enzymes. Molecular docking results demonstrated the low binding energy values between −5.8 kcal/mol and −8.7 kcal/mol with hydrogen bonding, hydrophilic, and hydrophobic interactions at the active catalytic sites of the enzymes.
Four linear nonphenolic diarylheptanoids were synthesized and their antibacterial activities were studied. (S)-2-Me-CBS-catalysed reduction of alnustone with BH 3 .SMe 2 gave (R) (-)(4 E ,6 E)-1,7-diphenylhepta-4,6-dien-3-ol, a natural product. Reduction of alnustone with Na in t-BuOH at-15°C under NH 3 atm gave (E)-1,7-diphenylhept-5en-3-one as a Birch-type reduction product. t-BuOK catalysed condensation of benzalacetone with propionyl chloride gave (4 Z ,6 E)-5-hydroxy-1,7-diphenylhepta-4,6-dien-3-one, a natural product. (1 E ,4 Z ,6 E)-5-Hydroxy-4-phenethyl-1,7-diphenylhepta-1,4,6-trien-3-one, a curcuminoid, was synthesized starting from pentan-2,4-dione in 3 steps. The synthesized chemical compounds were applied against 2 gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Arthrobacter agilis), 4 gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Xanthomonas campestris, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Helicobacter pylori), and 1 yeast (Candida albicans) by the disc diffusion method. All of the synthesized compound exhibited different degrees of antimicrobial activity at concentrations between 20-100 µg/disc against the test organisms.
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