Bone Regeneration in Artificial Jaw Cleft by Use of Carbonated Hydroxyapatite Particles and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Iliac Bone

Abstract

Objectives of the Study. Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is a prevalent congenital anomaly in the orofacial region. Autogenous iliac bone grafting has been frequently employed for the closure of bone defects at the jaw cleft site. Since the related surgical procedures are quite invasive for patients, it is of great importance to develop a new less invasive technique. The aim of this study was to examine bone regeneration with mesenchyme stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment of bone defect in artificially created jaw cleft in dogs. Materials and Methods. A bone defect was prepared bilaterally in the upper incisor regions of beagle dogs. MSCs derived from iliac bone marrow were cultured and transplanted with carbonated hydroxyapatite (CAP) particles into the bone defect area. The bone regeneration was evaluated by standardized occlusal X-ray examination and histological observation. Results. Six months after the transplantation, perfect closure of the jaw cleft was achieved on the experimental side. The X-ray and histological examination revealed that the regenerated bone on the experimental side was almost equivalent to the original bone adjoining the jaw cleft. Conclusion. It was suggested that the application of MSCs with CAP particles can become a new treatment modality for bone regeneration for CLP patients.

Stem cell regenerative therapy in alveolar cleft reconstruction

“…Yoshioka and et al 17 superior to β-TCP alone, and that MSC allowed for proper physiological function and successful tooth movement with adequate bone support.…”

“…MSC in combination with biomaterials, carry a great potential that has already been proven in animal studies and on first human cases. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Several aspects have to be taken into consideration when planning stem cell-enhanced bone regeneration.…”

“…One of its major advantages is that maxilla-derived stem cells proliferation potential is probably unaffected by donor age, and only population doubling time seems to increase with donor age. 56 BM-MSC have already been used in the alveolar cleft regeneration on animal models [17][18][19][20][21][22] and in first clinical cases. 23-28 BM-MSC were by many investigators found suitable for craniofacial tissue engineering including calvarial bone defects 57-61 and both maxillary 62 and mandibular 63-67 bone reconstruction.…”

The Current Status of Stem Cell Regeneration in Intra Oral Applications—A Systematic Review

“…4 studies reported success of alveolar defect repair using DPSC [132], BMSC/PRF [130], Adipose derived stem cells [131] and mesenchymal stem cells derived from iliac bone [133].…”

“…The X-ray and histological examination revealed that the regenerated bone on the experimental side was almost equivalent to the original bone adjoining the jaw cleft. It was suggested the application of MSCs with Carbonated Hydroxyapatite (CAP) particles can become a new treatment modality for bone regeneration for cleft lip and palate patients [133].…”