Bone marrow magnetic resonance imaging: physiologic and pathologic findings that radiologist should know

Chiarilli, M. G.; Pizzi, Andrea Delli; Mastrodicasa, Domenico; Febo, M. P.; Cardinali, Beatrice; Consorte, Bruno; Cifaratti, Antonietta; Panara, Valentina; Caulo, Massimo; Cannataro, Giovanni

doi:10.1007/s11547-020-01239-2

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This results (after 6–8 weeks) in the replacement of hematopoietic elements with adipocytes, with subsequent increase in T1 signal intensity due to fatty conversion (Fig. 25 ) [ 93 , 94 ]. Indeed, bone signal depends on marrow cellularity, which is related to several factors including gender, inflammatory conditions, metabolic factors, and marrow activation that can be observed seen in some tumors [ 95 ].…”

Section: Imaging Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging side effects and complications of chemotherapy and radiation therapy: a pictorial review from head to toe

et al. 2021

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Newer biologic drugs and immunomodulatory agents, as well as more tolerated and effective radiation therapy schemes, have reduced treatment toxicity in oncology patients. However, although imaging assessment of tumor response is adapting to atypical responses like tumor flare, expected changes and complications of chemo/radiotherapy are still routinely encountered in post-treatment imaging examinations. Radiologists must be aware of old and newer therapeutic options and related side effects or complications to avoid a misinterpretation of imaging findings. Further, advancements in oncology research have increased life expectancy of patients as well as the frequency of long-term therapy-related side effects that once could not be observed. This pictorial will help radiologists tasked to detect therapy-related complications and to differentiate expected changes of normal tissues from tumor relapse.

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Section: Imaging Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging side effects and complications of chemotherapy and radiation therapy: a pictorial review from head to toe

et al. 2021

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“…The bone marrow of the femoral shafts is yellow marrow, with more fat. The ilia has red marrow, with less fat [26][27][28]. The bone marrow cavity space of the third lumbar vertebra is the largest among the three.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative evaluation of myelosuppression after chemotherapy for patients with ovarian cancer using material decomposition in dual-energy computed tomography

2023

European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology

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Objective: To demonstrate feasibility of quantifying myelosuppression after chemother-apy for patients with ovarian cancer (OC) using fat density measurement on material decomposition (MD) images in dual-energy computed tomography (DECT). Materials and methods: Fifty-seven patients with OC after chemotherapy underwent DECT. MD using fat and hydroxyapatite (HAP) as basis material pair was performed. Regions of interest (ROIs) of 20 mm2 were placed on bone marrow of ilia and femoral shafts bilaterally at level of coronal hip joint and the third sagittal lumbar vertebra to measure fat density on FAT (HAP) MD images. Eight characteristics (age, pathological type, International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, unilateral/bilateral, chemotherapy protocol and cycle, days after therapy (DAT), and ROI location) were recorded. Fat densities in ilia and femoral shafts were compared bilaterally with paired sample t tests and among 3 ROI locations with Kruskal-Wallis tests. Regression and correlations were made between fat density and 8 characteristics. Regression equations, correlation coefficients, scatterplot and normal probability plot (P-P) are provided. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in fat density in ilia or femoral shafts bilaterally (p > 0.05). Average fat densities were significantly different with 916.93 ± 9.3 in ilia, 927.04 ± 11.86 in femoral shaft, and 932.18 ± 8.45 in lumbar vertebra (p < 0.001). Regression equation was Y = 923.26 − 0.29 × age + 0.05 × pathological-type − 0.94 × FIGO stage + 0.82 × unilateral/bilateral − 0.54 × chemotherapy-protocol + 0.52 × chemotherapy-cycle + 0.01 × DAT + 7.63 × ROI location, with correlation coefficients with age, DAT and ROI location at −0.23, 0.16 and 0.53, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Myelosuppression after chemotherapy manifests as fat substitute and can be quantified by measuring fat density on FAT (HAP) images. Fat density was significantly correlated with patient age, DAT and measurement locations.

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“…Red marrow is expected to be slightly hyperintense on T1-weighted sequences and hyperintense/isointense on the T2-weighted sequences. Red marrow decreases intensity on out-of-phase imaging relative to in-phase imaging (or “drops out”) [12] . A few studies have evaluated the appearance of bone lesions in POEMS syndrome with MRI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FDG PET-MRI evaluation of synchronous gallbladder adenocarcinoma and POEMS syndrome

Ataei

Sharma

Stanborough

et al. 2022

Radiology Case Reports

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Bone marrow magnetic resonance imaging: physiologic and pathologic findings that radiologist should know

Cited by 24 publications

References 27 publications

Imaging side effects and complications of chemotherapy and radiation therapy: a pictorial review from head to toe

Imaging side effects and complications of chemotherapy and radiation therapy: a pictorial review from head to toe

Quantitative evaluation of myelosuppression after chemotherapy for patients with ovarian cancer using material decomposition in dual-energy computed tomography

FDG PET-MRI evaluation of synchronous gallbladder adenocarcinoma and POEMS syndrome

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