Bone Marrow Cells and Myocardial Regeneration

Abstract

Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) plasticity and its clinical application have been studied profoundly in the past few years. Recent investigations indicate that HSC and other bone marrow stem cells can develop into other tissues. Because of the high morbidity and mortality of myocardial infarction and other heart disorders, myocardial regeneration is a good example of the clinical application of HSC plasticity in regenerative medicine. Preclinical studies in animals suggest that the use of this kind of treatment can reconstruct heart blood vessels, muscle, and function. Some clinical study results have been reported in the past 2 years. In 2003, reports of myocardial regeneration treatment increased significantly. Other studies include observations on the cell surface markers of transplanted cells and treatment efficacy. Some investigations, such as HSC testing, have focused on clinical applications using HSC plasticity and bone marrow transplantation to treat different types of disorders. In this review, we focus on the clinical application of bone marrow cells for myocardial regeneration.

Migration of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells induced by tumor necrosis factor‐α and its possible role in wound healing

“…Our previous studies showed that MSCs can differentiate into epidermal cells and endothelial cells (EC) in vivo under trauma 3 . Because of these characteristics, MSCs have been widely used in cell therapy, 4,5 tissue engineering, 6,7 gene therapy, 8 and immunotherapy 9 …”

Calcium and cyclic nucleotides affect TNF-α-induced stem cell migration

“…To date, most studies about cardiac repair with stem cells have employed adult stem cells [20-22]. However, experimental and theoretical considerations suggest that ESCs may have advantageous properties for tissue regeneration.…”

Stem Cells Improve Right Ventricular Functional Recovery After Acute Pressure Overload and Ischemia Reperfusion Injury

“…This was thought to be secondary to de novo myocar- dial regeneration. Some studies [15,51] have suggested that these protective effects may be due to release of paracrine protective factors rather than de novo myocardial regeneration. When the cardiomyocytes are subjected to ischemia, they produce tumor necrosis factor [52].…”

“…Indeed, this study further demonstrates that hypoxia also stimulates increased VEGF and HGF production in human MSCs. Some of these growth factors may be protective to the myocardium [12, 15,51]. Pretreatment of rat hearts prior to ischemia reperfusion injury with adult progenitor cells significantly improved the recovery of left ventricular function [14].…”