Calcium and cyclic nucleotides affect TNF-α-induced stem cell migration

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to study the effect of calcium, cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP (cGMP) on embryonic stem cell (ESC) motility during TNF-α-induced chemotaxis.ESCs were monitored using a chemotaxis chamber, with different concentrations of calcium or cAMP or cGMP added to the medium. Changes in intracellular calcium ([Ca 2+ ] i ) were measured with the fluorescent dye fura-2/AM. We combined migratory parameters in a mathematical model and described it as "mobility".After adding calcium, a dose-dependant increase in cell speed was found. Cyclic AMP increased mobility as well as the [Ca 2+ ] i . In contrast, adding dbcGMP resulted in a significant decrease in the mobility of the ESCs. During migration ESCs showed an increase in [Ca 2+ ] i . Furthermore, TNF-α dramatically increased the movement as well as the directionality of ESCs.These results demonstrate that ESCs are highly motile and respond to different concentrations of calcium in a dose-related manner.

The use of size-defined DNA-functionalized calcium phosphate nanoparticles to minimise intracellular calcium disturbance during transfection

“…The strong disturbance in [Ca 2þ ] i in case of the standard calcium phosphate transfection may influence the progression of the cell cycle. Furthermore, a decrease in frequency of [Ca 2þ ] i oscillations is thought to stop the migration of neuronal cells by inhibition of L-type voltage-sensitive calcium channels [41] and migration of embryonic stem cells has been shown to be associated with changes in [Ca 2þ ] i [42]. Interestingly, calcium phosphate crystals obtained from the atherosclerotic plaques trigger similar changes in [Ca 2þ ] i on vascular smooth muscle cells, as shown by Ewence and coworkers [43].…”