Bone and Joint Infections due toHaemophilus parainfluenzae: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Haemophilus parainfluenzae is a normal inhabitant of the human respiratory tract. However it is an increasingly recognized pathogen in invasive infections, particularly in the immunocompromised host and where there is disruption of the normal skin or mucosal barriers. We present a case of a 56-year-old female with a history of asplenia who developed H. parainfluenzae septic arthritis of the hip following an intra-articular steroid injection. We also summarize previously reported cases of bone and joint infections caused by H. parainfluenzae.

Potential Associations Among Alteration of Salivary miRNAs, Saliva Microbiome Structure, and Cognitive Impairments in Autistic Children

“…These observations could contribute to define the dysbiotic signatures of disease. In particular, a similar trend for Haemophilus and Rothi a is supported by a previous observation [ 60 ].These taxa are often involved in several diseases, especially in immunocompromised hosts [ 67 , 68 ]. In the present study, many groups of microorganisms differentially abundant in ASD children were previously associated with CNS (Central Nervous System) disorders, such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Disease [ 69 , 70 ].…”

A rare case of Haemophilus parainfluenzae septic knee following prolotherapy injections

“…11e13 Furthermore, H. parainfluenzae in adults usually presents with underlying comorbidities in the context of an immunocompromised condition, such as chronic alcoholism, cardiopulmonary disease, HIV infection, or malignancy. 13 We hypothesize that, in the presented case, the prolotherapy injections greatly increased the risk of infection, either by direct introduction of the bacteria through improper aseptic technique, and/or by creating an environment that promoted bacterial growth introduced through the bloodstream, as suggested by Borenstein and Simon (1986). 11 The most common irritant solution used for prolotherapy is hypertonic dextrose.…”

Identification of polysaccharide capsules among extensively drug-resistant genitourinary Haemophilus parainfluenzae isolates

“…H. parainfluenzae is part of the human oropharyngeal and genitourinary microbiota and is increasingly recognised as an opportunistic pathogen causing invasive, chronic or recurrent diseases, including respiratory tract infections 3 , meningitis 4 , endocarditis and pericarditis 5 , bone and joint infections 6 , and arthritis 7 . Recent reports have also linked this pathogen to genitourinary and sexually transmitted infections 8 – 10 , with one study observing unexpectedly high genital carriage in pregnant women that was frequently associated with antibiotic resistance traits 8 .…”