Bonding of dual‐cured resin cement to zirconia ceramic using phosphate acid ester monomer and zirconate coupler

Abstract

This study evaluated the shear bond strength between dual‐cured resin luting cement and pure zirconium (99.9%) and industrially manufactured yttrium‐oxide‐partially‐stabilized zirconia ceramic, and the effect of MDP (10‐methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate) primer (MP) and zirconate coupler (ZC) on bond strength. Two different‐shaped pure zirconium and zirconia ceramic specimens were untreated or treated with various primers, including different concentrations of MP containing phosphoric acid ester monomer (MDP) in ethanol, ZC containing a zirconate coupling agent in ethanol, or a mixture of MP and ZC. The specimens were then cemented together with dual‐cured resin luting cement (Clapearl DC). Half of the specimens were stored in water at 37°C for 24 h and the other half were thermocycled 10,000 times before shear bond strength testing. The bond strengths of resin luting cement to both the zirconium and zirconia ceramic were enhanced by the application of most MPs, ZCs, and the mixtures of MP and ZC. For the group (MP2.0+ZC1.0) containing 2.0 wt % MP and 1.0 wt % ZC, no significant difference was observed between in shear bond strength before and after thermal cycling for both zirconium and zirconia ceramic (p > 0.05). For the other primers, statistically significant differences in shear bond strength before and after thermal cycling were observed (p < 0.05). The application of the mixture of MP and ZC (MP2.0+ZC1.0) was effective for bonding between zirconia ceramic and dual‐cured resin luting cement. This primer may be clinically useful as an adhesive primer for zirconia ceramic restoration. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006

Effect of sandblasting and various metal primers on the shear bond strength of resin cement to Y-TZP ceramic

“…Application of metal primer is easy and requires no elaborate or high-priced equipments [31,32]. However, results with metal primers were not always satisfactory, because they attained a high bond strength under dry circumstances, but controversial reports came out under intraoral, wet conditions with reference to their hydrolytic stability [12,21,32,33]. In this sense, the current study investigated that as an alternative to sandblasting, the application of metal primers (Alloy primer, V-primer and Metaltite) prior to cementation can provide similar bond strength of resin cements to Y-TZP ceramics after thermocycling.…”

“…This is related to glass-free composition structure, characterizing zirconia as acid-resistant material [8]. For this reason, there have been considerable efforts by many manufacturers and researchers to modify the surface properties of zirconia, mechanically and chemically by various surface treatments [9][10][11][12].…”

“…Several techniques, especially the airborne particle abrasion with alumina, have been reported to facilitate "mechanically" the bond strength between resin cement and Y-TZP ceramic [9][10][11][12]. In addition, tribochemical silica coating in dental laboratories was suggested as an effective method for bonding [9,10], but recently, it has also been criticized for possibility of subcritical crack propagation within zirconia [13][14][15].…”

“…Initially, such metal primers were indicated for the repair of fractured metal-ceramic FDPs with metal exposure [12,21]. The adhesive functional metal primers bond powerfully to pure metals and alloys, because of their affinity to metal oxides that exist on the metal surface [22,23].…”

Effect of Surface Pretreatments on the Microtensile Bond Strength of Lithium-Disilicate Ceramic Repaired with Composite Resin

“…The increasing demand for esthetics in restorative dentistry has led to the development of all-ceramic restorations using different resin-based adhesive systems, since they provide excellent esthetic metal-free characteristics (1,2). However, the physical and bonding properties of ceramics are still problematic (2).…”