Boldo prevents UV light and nitric oxide-mediated plasmid DNA damage and reduces the expression of Hsp70 protein in melanoma cancer cells

Russo, Alessandra; Cardile, Venera; Caggia, Silvia; Günther, Germán; Troncoso, Nicolas; Garbarino, Juan A.

doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01320.x

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The neutral comet assay was employed by Wilkins et al (19) to analyse radiation-induced apoptosis, and this approach was adopted by Omidkhoda et al (20) to look at the effect of superparamagnetic iron oxide on mesenchymal stem cells, and by Tarang et al (21) in a study of radiation-induced apoptosis in leucocytes from α-thalassemia patients. Russo et al (22), investigating the protective effects of a plant extract on human cells, simply regarded comets with a high tail moment (and high percentage tail DNA) as indicating apoptosis. Brink et al (23) treated murine L5178Y cells with sodium arsenite, a human carcinogen whose mechanism of action is not entirely clear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The comet assay, DNA damage, DNA repair and cytotoxicity: hedgehogs are not always dead

et al. 2013

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DNA damage is commonly measured at the level of individual cells using the so-called comet assay (single-cell gel electrophoresis). As the frequency of DNA breaks increases, so does the fraction of the DNA extending towards the anode, forming the comet tail. Comets with almost all DNA in the tail are often referred to as 'hedgehog' comets and are widely assumed to represent apoptotic cells. We review the literature and present theoretical and empirical arguments against this interpretation. The level of DNA damage in these comets is far less than the massive fragmentation that occurs in apoptosis. 'Hedgehog' comets are formed after moderate exposure of cells to, for example, H2O2, but if the cells are incubated for a short period, 'hedgehogs' are no longer seen. We confirm that this is not because DNA has degraded further and been lost from the gel, but because the DNA is repaired. The comet assay may detect the earliest stages of apoptosis, but as it proceeds, comets disappear in a smear of unattached DNA. It is clear that 'hedgehogs' can correspond to one level on a continuum of genotoxic damage, are not diagnostic of apoptosis and should not be regarded as an indicator of cytotoxicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The comet assay, DNA damage, DNA repair and cytotoxicity: hedgehogs are not always dead

et al. 2013

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“…However, there are still some problems in their clinical application. Quercetin, a kind of flavanoid, inhibited HSPs expression in many kinds of cancer cells [42,43]. Cells became more susceptible to apoptosis when treated with quercetin followed by hyperthermia, chemotherapy or radiotherapy [44-46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blockade of PI3K/AKT pathway enhances sensitivity of Raji cells to chemotherapy through down-regulation of HSP70

Fang

Jiang

et al. 2013

Cancer Cell Int

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Up-regulation of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) could be elicited primarily by heat in former studies, and this was proved to be associated with cancer progression. Burkitt's lymphoma is one of highly aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and is one of the fastest growing human tumors. To investigate the effect of HSP70 expression on the sensitivity of human Burkitt lymphoma cells (Raji cells) to chemotherapy and its role in the involvement of PI3K/AKT pathway, we evaluated the effects of LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, on the expression of HSP70 and cell sensitivity to adriamycin (ADM) or cisplatin (DDP). In present study, expressions of HSP70, AKT and phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) in Raji cells were measured by Western-Blot. Apoptosis index of Raji cells was examined by flow cytometry. Cytotoxicities of adriamycin (ADM) and cisplatin (DDP) were determined by WST-8 assay. We found that hyperthermia (42 degrees for 1 hour) up-regulated the expression of HSP70 expression and blockade of PI3K/AKT pathway down-regulated HSP70 expression in Raji cells. Compared to cells treated with ADM or DDP alone, hyperthermia protected cells from chemotherapy while LY294002 enhanced sensitivity of Raji cells to chemotherapy. Our results suggested down-regulation of HSP70 expression by blockade of PI3K/AKT pathway maybe responsible for the increased sensitivity of Raji cells to chemotherapy. Targeting PI3K/AKT pathway or inhibiting HSP70 expression may be beneficial for chemotherapy treatment of Burkitt lymphoma patients.

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“…P. boldus leaf extract at higher concentrations (20-40 mg/mL) causes necrosis associated with high lactate dehydrogenase release and a further increase in ROS production. These processes generate intolerable oxidative stress in cancer cells [21]. A very important fact is that the extract of leaves of P. boldus exhibited no effect on the viability of normal fibroblast cells [20].…”

Section: Antiproliferative Activities Of Boldinementioning

confidence: 99%

Boldine and Related Aporphines: From Antioxidant to Antiproliferative Properties

Muthná

Ćmielová

Tomšík

et al. 2013

Natural Product Communications

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Plant and folk medicine represent nowadays a source of either new therapeutic substances or substrates for drug synthesis. One such promising group for possible further exploitation is the family of aporphine alkaloids containing boldine and related compounds. In this mini-review we focus on boldine and its newly described effects, which predominantly arise from its antioxidant properties. Moreover, we try to compare its antiproliferative properties with other better known members of the aporphine group.

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Boldo prevents UV light and nitric oxide-mediated plasmid DNA damage and reduces the expression of Hsp70 protein in melanoma cancer cells

Abstract: These results confirm the promising biological properties of Peumus boldus and encourage in-vivo investigations into its potential anti-cancer activity.

Cited by 18 publications

References 26 publications

The comet assay, DNA damage, DNA repair and cytotoxicity: hedgehogs are not always dead

The comet assay, DNA damage, DNA repair and cytotoxicity: hedgehogs are not always dead

Blockade of PI3K/AKT pathway enhances sensitivity of Raji cells to chemotherapy through down-regulation of HSP70

Boldine and Related Aporphines: From Antioxidant to Antiproliferative Properties

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