Body size as emergent property of metabolism

Lika, Konstadia; Augustine, Starrlight; Kooijman, S.A.L.M.

doi:10.1016/j.seares.2018.04.005

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…We studied how the DEB parameter “allocation fraction to soma”, κ ( Table 1 ), was distributed across all AMP species (the graph is available on the parameters page of the AmP website). We refer the reader to [ 33 ] for an in-depth study of how κ , , and are distributed across all of the species in AmP. Of relevance here, is that the values for the allocation fraction to soma, κ , in the collection turns out to follow a beta distribution with perplexing accuracy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The AmP project: Comparing species on the basis of dynamic energy budget parameters

et al. 2018

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We developed new methods for parameter estimation-in-context and, with the help of 125 authors, built the AmP (Add-my-Pet) database of Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) models, parameters and referenced underlying data for animals, where each species constitutes one database entry. The combination of DEB parameters covers all aspects of energetics throughout the full organism’s life cycle, from the start of embryo development to death by aging. The species-specific parameter values capture biodiversity and can now, for the first time, be compared between animals species. An important insight brought by the AmP project is the classification of animal energetics according to a family of related DEB models that is structured on the basis of the mode of metabolic acceleration, which links up with the development of larval stages. We discuss the evolution of metabolism in this context, among animals in general, and ray-finned fish, mollusks and crustaceans in particular. New DEBtool code for estimating DEB parameters from data has been written. AmPtool code for analyzing patterns in parameter values has also been created. A new web-interface supports multiple ways to visualize data, parameters, and implied properties from the entire collection as well as on an entry by entry basis. The DEB models proved to fit data well, the median relative error is only 0.07, for the 1035 animal species at 2018/03/12, including some extinct ones, from all large phyla and all chordate orders, spanning a range of body masses of 16 orders of magnitude. This study is a first step to include evolutionary aspects into parameter estimation, allowing to infer properties of species for which very little is known.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The AmP project: Comparing species on the basis of dynamic energy budget parameters

et al. 2018

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“…Here, we focus on body part masses that can be directly measured. In the DEB theory, body size is treated as an emergent property of metabolism (Lika, Augustine, & Kooijman, 2018) and not derived from physiological mechanisms together with allocation 'decisions' dependent on mortality, as in the approach considered here (see Section II). Below, we link these allocation 'decisions' not only to changes in body components but to their underlying cellular architecture, which is another important property largely ignored in scaling studies.…”

Section: Mechanistic Explanation Of Hypoallometric Mr Scalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coevolution of body size and metabolic rate in vertebrates: a life‐history perspective

2020

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Despite many decades of research, the allometric scaling of metabolic rates (MRs) remains poorly understood. Here, we argue that scaling exponents of these allometries do not themselves mirror one universal law of nature but instead statistically approximate the non‐linearity of the relationship between MR and body mass. This ‘statistical’ view must be replaced with the life‐history perspective that ‘allows’ organisms to evolve myriad different life strategies with distinct physiological features. We posit that the hypoallometric allometry of MRs (mass scaling with an exponent smaller than 1) is an indirect outcome of the selective pressure of ecological mortality on allocation ‘decisions’ that divide resources among growth, reproduction, and the basic metabolic costs of repair and maintenance reflected in the standard or basal metabolic rate (SMR or BMR), which are customarily subjected to allometric analyses. Those ‘decisions’ form a wealth of life‐history variation that can be defined based on the axis dictated by ecological mortality and the axis governed by the efficiency of energy use. We link this variation as well as hypoallometric scaling to the mechanistic determinants of MR, such as metabolically inert component proportions, internal organ relative size and activity, cell size and cell membrane composition, and muscle contributions to dramatic metabolic shifts between the resting and active states. The multitude of mechanisms determining MR leads us to conclude that the quest for a single‐cause explanation of the mass scaling of MRs is futile. We argue that an explanation based on the theory of life‐history evolution is the best way forward.

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“…4a). The distribution of kappa values follows a beta distribution with surprising accuracy, both for bivalves and for all species together (see Lika et al 2018, this special issue). The estimated of 0.47 is close to the value that maximizes reproductive output of an organism, estimated to be around 0.45 (Lika and Kooijman, 2003).…”

Section: Deb Parameters and Predicted Valuesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Energetics of the extremely long-living bivalve Arctica islandica based on a Dynamic Energy Budget model

Ballesta-Artero

Augustine

Witbaard

et al. 2019

Journal of Sea Research

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The ocean quahog Arctica islandica is the longest-living mollusk on Earth with a lifespan of at least 500 years. The slow senescence of this bivalve has promoted a great interest in its metabolic strategy. A dynamic energy budget (DEB) model was applied to describe how this species allocates its energy to maintenance, growth, maturation, and reproduction in a variable environment. We studied the relationship between A. islandica growth, lifespan, and food availability at eight different locations in the North Atlantic Ocean. Our results indicate that A. islandica's extreme longevity arises from its low somatic maintenance cost [̇] and low ageing acceleration ℎ̈, but there was not a direct relationship between food availability and lifespan in these A. islandica locations. Monkey Bank (North Sea), Iceland, and Ingøya (northern Norway) had the highest food availability estimates of all the localities but did not have the lowest longevities, in contrast to the theory of caloric restriction.

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Body size as emergent property of metabolism

Cited by 29 publications

References 30 publications

The AmP project: Comparing species on the basis of dynamic energy budget parameters

The AmP project: Comparing species on the basis of dynamic energy budget parameters

Coevolution of body size and metabolic rate in vertebrates: a life‐history perspective

Energetics of the extremely long-living bivalve Arctica islandica based on a Dynamic Energy Budget model

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