Body Mass Index and Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults: The Moderating Roles of Race, Sex, and Socioeconomic Status

Sachs‐Ericsson, Natalie; Burns, Andrea; Gordon, Kathryn H.; Eckel, Lisa A.; Wonderlich, Steve; Crosby, Ross D.; Blazer, Dan G.

doi:10.1097/jgp.0b013e3180a725d6

Cited by 116 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Our findings are also in line with the results of previous population-based studies on Black-White differences in the magnitude and direction of the associations between depression and other medical conditions (20,24,(45)(46)(47)(48)(49). For instance, in a cross-sectional study, Watkins et al could find a link between the presence of at least one medical condition and clinical depression among Blacks but not Whites (45).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…For instance, in a cross-sectional study, Watkins et al could find a link between the presence of at least one medical condition and clinical depression among Blacks but not Whites (45). In another community-based cohort study, medical conditions at baseline were predictive of increased depressive symptoms among Whites but not Blacks (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…While race and gender alter mental health correlates of obesity, metabolic, and cardiovascular risk in the general population (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(47)(48)(49), it is still unknown whether or not the same race and gender differences exist among individuals who are already obese and participate in weight loss programs. The current study used baseline data of a weight management program to explore gender and racial differences in the impact of weight on well-being and mental health status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the existing knowledge on race by gender variation in mental health impact of obesity (22,24,25), there is still a need to study heterogeneity in the link between obesity and mental health of individuals who enter weight loss programs. The current study was conducted to investigate race by gender variation in the association between BMI and mental well-being (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Depressive Symptoms and Well-being of Individuals with Obesity; Race and Gender Differences

Assari

Rothberg

Evans

et al. 2017

Int J Endocrinol Metab

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Background: Although obesity increases depressive symptoms and reduces health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL), the magnitude of these effects may vary across populations. This study tested if the links between body mass index (BMI), depressive symptoms, and HRQoL of individuals with obesity depend on the intersection of race and gender. For this purpose, we compared Black and White men and women with obesity at the time of enrollment into an intensive behavioral weight management program (WMP). Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized baseline data from the University of Michigan WMP, in which 801 (295 men and 506 women, 697 Whites and 104 Blacks) obese individuals were enrolled. Baseline socio-demographic factors, BMI, medical comorbidity, health-related quality-of-life: [EuroQol (EQ-5D) and impact of weight on quality-of-life-lite (IWQOL-lite©, Duke University)] and depressive symptoms [inventory of depressive symptomatology-self report (IDS-SR)] were obtained. We used linear regression models for data analysis. Results: High BMI was associated with low EQ-5D, IWQOL-lite, and IDS-SR scores. We found significant race by BMI interactions on EQ-5D index, IWQOL-lite (self-esteem, sexual life, public distress, and work), and depressive symptoms for women but not for men. These interactions suggested that the effect of BMI on these outcomes is greater is larger for White than Black women. Conclusions: How BMI influences depressive symptoms and HRQoL in individuals with obesity at WMP entry depends on the intersection of race and gender. BMI has a larger effect on depressive symptoms and HRQoL of Black women compared to White women with obesity. These findings advocate for tailoring of weight management programs based on the intersection of race and gender.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Depressive Symptoms and Well-being of Individuals with Obesity; Race and Gender Differences

Assari

Rothberg

Evans

et al. 2017

Int J Endocrinol Metab

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“…3 A growing body of evidence has shown that obesity, highly prevalent and increasing in the United States and worldwide, [4][5][6] is associated with an increased risk of developing psychiatric disorders. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] However, most of the earlier studies failed to evaluate the effects of obesity-related comorbidities (ORCs), lifestyle factors (such as smoking, alcohol drinking and physical activity) or other psychosocial factors (such as general health status, emotional support and life satisfaction) on mental health simultaneously, although these factors also affect mental health status 13,[16][17][18][19] or are associated with mental disorders. 16,[20][21][22][23][24][25] On the other hand, some other studies have found no relationship 26 or an inverse association of overweight/obesity with mental disorders in men.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and anxiety among US adults: associations with body mass index

et al. 2009

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Background: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing a variety of chronic diseases, most of which are associated with psychiatric disorders. We examined the associations of depression and anxiety with body mass index (BMI) after taking into consideration the obesity-related comorbidities (ORCs) and other psychosocial or lifestyle factors. Methods: We analyzed the data collected from 177 047 participants (agedX18 years) in the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Current depression was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 diagnostic algorithm. Lifetime diagnoses of depression, anxiety and ORCs were self-reported. The prevalence of the three psychiatric disorders was age standardized to the 2000 US population. Multivariate-adjusted prevalence ratios were computed to test associations of depression and anxiety with BMI using SUDAAN software. Results: The age-adjusted prevalence of current depression, lifetime diagnosed depression and anxiety varied significantly by gender. Within each gender, the prevalence of the three psychiatric disorders was significantly higher in both men and women who were underweight (BMIo18.5 kg/m 2 ), in women who were overweight (BMI: 25-o30 kg/m 2 ) or obese (BMIX30 kg/m 2 ), and in men who had class III obesity (BMIX40 kg/m 2 ) than in those with a normal BMI (18.5Ào25 kg/m 2 ). After adjusting for demographics, ORCs, lifestyle or psychosocial factors, compared with men with a normal BMI, men with a BMIX40 kg/m 2 were significantly more likely to have current depression or lifetime diagnosed depression and anxiety; men with a BMIo18.5 kg/m 2 were also significantly more likely to have lifetime diagnosed depression. Women who were either overweight or obese were significantly more likely than women with a normal BMI to have all the three psychiatric disorders.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that disparities in the prevalence of depression and anxiety exist among people with different BMI levels independent of their disease status or other psychosocial or lifestyle factors.

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