Body Heat Storage, Metabolism and Respiration of Cows Abruptly Exposed and Acclimatized to Cold and 18 °c Environments

McLean, J. A.; Whitmore, W. T.; Young, Bruce A.; Weingardt, Richard G.

doi:10.4141/cjas84-073

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…The value of skin surface temperature (Ts) was calculated based on the formula Mc. Lean et al [6] could be seen in Equation 1. Based on the value of rectal temperature (Tr) and the skin surface (Ts), the value of body temperature (Tb) was calculated using the formula Mc Lean et al [6] which could be seen in Equation 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lean et al [6] could be seen in Equation 1. Based on the value of rectal temperature (Tr) and the skin surface (Ts), the value of body temperature (Tb) was calculated using the formula Mc Lean et al [6] which could be seen in Equation 2. Environmental conditions were monitored through the measurement of air temperature and relative humidity every hour for 5 days of study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where A is the mean skin temperature, B for upper flank, C for lower flank, and D for upper leg [6],…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiology response of the indigenous cattle breeds to the environment in West Sumbawa, Indonesia

Aritonang¹,

Yuniati²,

Abinawanto³

et al. 2017

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Morphometric study of mantis shrimp Harpiosquilla harpax (De Haan, 1844) Corresponding author: alaksono@sci.ui.ac.id Abstract. Heat stress in cattle welfare is a growing concern because of increase in ambient temperature due to global warming. Physiological adaptation is as a way to survive and reproduce by regulation internal body temperature. West Sumbawa is a dry tropic area in eastern Indonesia where its temperature range is 24-38 °C and relative humidity is 50-90 %. This study aimed to determine the physiological response of indigenous cattle i.e. Bali cattle and Sumbawa Ongole cattle to the environment in West Sumbawa. Skin and rectal temperature and respiration rate within one minute were measured as physiology profiles from seven Bali cattle and two Sumbawa Ongole cattle. They were measured every 7.00 am and 15.00 pm for five consecutive days in August 2016. The results of measurements physiology profiles differ significantly between morning and afternoon among cattle breeds. Body temperature and respiration rate were significantly different among breeds (p < 0.05). Body temperature was lower but respiration rate of Sumbawa Ongole was higher than Bali cattle. Increased respiration rate of breeds was positively correlated with Temperature and Humidity Index (THI) value (p < 0.05), but neither was body temperature. Physiological response of Bali cattle to environmental West Sumbawa through the increase in body temperature, whereas Sumbawa Ongole cattle through increasing in respiration rate.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Physiology response of the indigenous cattle breeds to the environment in West Sumbawa, Indonesia

Aritonang¹,

Yuniati²,

Abinawanto³

et al. 2017

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…The calorimetry system used was as described by McLean et al (1984) with the addition of a switching apparatus that allowed the system to collect and analyze samples from two calorimetry hoods at 15-min intervals. The heifers were randomly allocated to the two calorimetry hoods for RHP measurement to avoid systematic errors.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Environmental temperature variability may impact adaptation through induction of variability in temperature of the body core (T core ) as Bergen et al (2001) also showed that exposure of beef heifers to cold temperatures during only part of the day resulted in increased variability, but not the mean of T core . In comparison, continuous cold exposure throughout the day has been shown to reduce (Young 1975), increase the variability of (McLean et al 1984) or have no effect on T core (Lefcourt and Adams 1998). Although the physiological cues that lead to the development of acclimatization are not known, a change in T core is a possible stimulus for the development of acclimatization.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of once daily 5-h or 10-h cold-exposures on body temperature and resting heat production of beef cattle

Kennedy¹,

Bergen²,

Christopherson³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 2005. Effect of once daily 5-h or 10-h coldexposures on body temperature and resting heat production of beef cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 85: 177-183. Twelve yearling crossbred beef heifers weighing 454 ± 31 kg were randomly assigned to either 0 h (control), 5 h (5CE; 0800 to 1300) or 10 h (10CE; 0800 to 1800) of cold exposure (-20°C) daily to determine the effect of daily cold exposures of different durations on body core temperature and resting heat production of beef cattle. Treatments were imposed for a 21-d period (seven intervals of 3 d duration) using two replications with two heifers per treatment × replication combination. Heifers were group housed outdoors in a pen with overhead shade at one end and were moved daily at 0800 to a group pen in either a control room or an environmental chamber set at -20°C. After the 21-d period was completed, resting heat production was measured in a thermal neutral environment for 5 h. Vaginal temperature (T vag ) was continuously monitored using radiotransmitters. Treatment did not affect daily maximum, mean or minimum T vag , the amount of time spent at T vag exceeding daily mean T vag , or the variability of T vag (P ≥ 0.29). However, when examined within specific phases of the day, treatment effects on T vag were found. T vag was elevated 0.24°C (5CE) and 0.35°C (10CE) during the daily first 5 h of cold-exposure (10CE = 5CE >control; P = 0.02) throughout the entire 21-d trial. During other times of the day there was no effect of treatment on T vag but treatment × interval was significant (P ≤ 0.02) during the 6-10 h from initiation of cold-exposure when the 10CE group remained in the cold but the 5CE group had been returned to the outdoor pen. The T vag of the 10CE and 5CE heifers was elevated at this time of day compared to control heifers, but only during the first 4 to 6 d (5CE) or 7 to 9 d (10CE) of the trial. These results indicate that thermoregulatory mechanisms that control core body temperature undergo habituation and the timecourse of habituation depends on the duration of daily cold-exposure. Resting heat production was unaffected by the two durations of cold-exposure examined (P = 0.55), suggesting that metabolic acclimation does not occur in response to intermittent cold-exposure of beef cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 85: 177-183. Les auteurs ont réparti au hasard douze génisses de boucherie hybrides d'un an pesant 454 ± 31 kg entre trois traitements, soit une exposition quotidienne de 0 h (témoins), de 5 h (5CE; de 8 h à 13 h) ou de 10 h (10CE; de 8 h à 18 h) au froid (-20°C), en vue de préciser les conséquences d'une exposition variable au froid sur la température centrale du corps et sur la production de chaleur au repos chez les bovins de boucherie. Les traitements ont été appliqués pendant 21 jours (7 intervalles de trois jours) à deux reprises, à raison de deux génisses par traitement × répétition. Les animaux ont été logés ensemble dans un enclos extérieur pourvu d'un toit à une extrémité et ont été amenés chaque jour soit dans une pièce de contrôle...

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Thermal balance of Nellore cattle

et al. 2017

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This work aimed at characterizing the thermal balance of Nellore cattle from the system of indirect calorimetry using a facial mask. The study was conducted at the Animal Biometeorology Laboratory of the São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, Brazil. Five male Nellore weighing 750 ± 62 kg, at similar ages and body conditions were distributed in four 5 × 5 Latin squares (5 days of records and five schedules) during 20 days. Physiological and environmental measurements were obtained from the indirect calorimetry system using a facial mask. Respiratory parameters, hair coat, skin, and rectal temperature were continuously recorded. From this, metabolic heat production, sensible and latent ways of heat transfer were calculated. Metabolic heat production had an average value of 146.7 ± 0.49 W m and did not change (P > 0.05) over the range of air temperature (24 to 35 °C). Sensible heat flow reached 60.08 ± 0.81 W m when air temperature ranged from 24 to 25 °C, being negligible in conditions of temperature above 33 °C. Most of the heat produced by metabolism was dissipated by cutaneous evaporation when air temperature was greater than 30 °C. Respiratory parameters like respiratory rate and ventilation remained stable (P > 0.05) in the range of temperature studied. Under shade conditions and air temperature range from 24 to 35 °C, metabolic heat production, respiratory rate, and ventilation of mature Nellore cattle remain stable, which is indicative of low energetic cost to the thermoregulation.

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Body Heat Storage, Metabolism and Respiration of Cows Abruptly Exposed and Acclimatized to Cold and 18 °c Environments

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Physiology response of the indigenous cattle breeds to the environment in West Sumbawa, Indonesia

Physiology response of the indigenous cattle breeds to the environment in West Sumbawa, Indonesia

Effect of once daily 5-h or 10-h cold-exposures on body temperature and resting heat production of beef cattle

Thermal balance of Nellore cattle

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