Body fat and adipose tissue cellularity in infants: A longitudinal study

Häger, A; Sjöström, Lars; Arvidsson, Björn; Björntorp, Per; Smith, Ulf

doi:10.1016/0026-0495(77)90082-8

Cited by 142 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Some authors report that the number of adipocytes increases during the first 2 years of age and further increases at the age of 8-10 years, 11 while others have observed that adipose tissue grows essentially by cell enlargement during the first year and then cell multiplication takes place until at least 8 years of age. 12 Nevertheless, all these results should be treated with caution due to the potential lack of reliability of the techniques used for monitoring adipose cell number and size.…”

Section: Adipose Tissue Development In Infancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary fat and fat types as early determinants of childhood obesity: a reappraisal

et al. 2006

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Background: The growing prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity has renewed interest in determining the influence of the maternal and infant diet on the risk of developing excess fat mass later in life. Approach: Review of available human and animal data reporting the effects of dietary fat and fat types early in life on adipose development. Results: Rodent studies tend to show that maternal high-fat feeding during pregnancy and lactation results in increased adiposity of the offspring. Nevertheless, today there is a lack of population-based studies investigating this potential detrimental effect of maternal high-fat intake. Most epidemiological studies, performed so far, do not find any association between the level of dietary fat intake of infants and children and body weight and/or fatness. Regarding fat types exposure to high levels of dietary n-6 fatty acids during gestation and post-natal life, has been shown to promote obesity in mice. Nevertheless, other rodent studies do not demonstrate such an effect. Conclusion: There is no evidence supporting a restriction of fat intake during the first two post-natal years but the potential detrimental effects of maternal high-fat intake during gestation should be further investigated. The role of dietary fat types as early determinants of childhood obesity has so far been poorly studied. Robust evidence to support the adipogenic effects of n-6 fatty acids enriched-diets is currently lacking but this hypothesis is of importance and should be further evaluated in different animal models as well as in longitudinal human studies.

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Section: Adipose Tissue Development In Infancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary fat and fat types as early determinants of childhood obesity: a reappraisal

et al. 2006

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“…Although these adipose tissue samples include both stromal and fat cells, the data support the hypothesis that adipose tissue growth in early infancy is primarily the result of cellular proliferation, and that little cellular proliferation occurs after infancy, except possibly for a brief period prior to adolescence. (Pediatr Res 20: [118][119][120][121]1986) Study of the postnatal pattern of adipose tissue growth and development in man has been limited by the lack of a morphological or biochemical "marker" for preadipocytes (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). The detection of lipid-containing cells can be accomplished with considerable accuracy using several cell counting techniques; however, preadipocytes and differentiating fat cells with little or no lipid remain undetected.…”

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confidence: 99%

Adipose Tissue Thymidine Kinase Activity in Man

et al. 1986

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ABSTRACT. Thymidine kinase activity was studied during human adipose tissue development. Adipose tissue was obtained from the groin in 81 persons, aged 7 wk through 60 yr. None had a metabolic or growth disorder. Adipose tissue thymidine kinase activity was highest in infants and lowest in adults. Peak thymidine kinase activity was seen in the early postnatal period and a lesser elevation was found in the preadolescent years, coinciding with hypothesized periods of proliferation of preadipocytes in man. In contrast, during adulthood, a time of stable lipid-laden cell number, thymidine kinase activity was lower. Although these adipose tissue samples include both stromal and fat cells, the data support the hypothesis that adipose tissue growth in early infancy is primarily the result of cellular proliferation, and that little cellular proliferation occurs after infancy, except possibly for a brief period prior to adolescence. (Pediatr Res 20: [118][119][120][121] 1986)

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“…El aumento postnatal es más marcado en los primeros 3 meses de vida, probablemente ligado a la pobre capacidad de termorregulación corporal a esa edad. Curiosamente, dentro de los mamíferos el humano es el que nace con mayor cantidad de tejido adiposo (Hager, 1977). La figura 1 muestra comparativamente el contenido de tejido adiposo de diferentes especies.…”

Section: El Tejido Adiposo: Algo Más Que Un Reservorio De Energíaunclassified

“…Estos permiten la entrada y salida activa de metabolitos, péptidos y factores no peptí-dicos fundamentales en la regulación de la diferenciación y el crecimiento celular. Las células endoteliales del tejido adiposo, como los fibroblastos y otras células de origen mesenquimal, incluyendo los preadipocitos y los adipocitos maduros, secretan un factor de crecimiento similar a la insulina (IGF-1), siendo al parecer una de las principales moléculas reguladoras involucradas en la hiperplasia del tejido adiposo durante la embriogénesis y en la infancia (Salans et al, 1973;Hager, 1977;Cinti, 2006).…”

Section: El Tejido Adiposo: Algo Más Que Un Reservorio De Energíaunclassified

El tejido adiposo: algo más que un reservorio de energía

B¹,

Sanhueza²

2009

Grasas y Aceites

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RESUMEN El tejido adiposo: algo más que un reservorio de energíaEl tejido adiposo es un reservorio de grasa y también un órgano que contribuye a la estética y a la salud de las personas, tarea que cumple funcionando como un tejido endocrino. El tejido adiposo blanco, formado por células adiposas uniloculares puede regular la homeostasis orgánica entre el gasto y el consumo de energía. Produce una serie de adipokinas que regulan el consumo de alimentos, la utilización de glucosa y de lípidos por parte del organismo. El tejido adiposo pardo o marrón, estructurado por células multiloculares, contiene numerosas gotas de grasa de pequeño tamaño, las que pueden ser hidrolizadas con mayor facilidad. El tejido participa en la termogénesis adaptativa o facultativa debido a la proteína desacoplante-1 (UCP-1) que inhibe la síntesis de ATP produciendo calor. Con la edad, este tejido se reduce y por ello actualmente se considera que una forma de combatir la obesidad es lograr que el tejido adiposo blanco adquiera característica de pardo. Este trabajo revisa las principales características estructurales y funcionales del tejido adiposo blanco y pardo, con énfasis en sus funciones reguladoras y endocrinas.PALABRAS CLAVE: Adipokinas -Regulación de temperatura -Tejido adiposo blanco -Tejido adiposo pardo. SUMMARY The adipose tissue: something more than a reservoir of energyAdipose tissue is a reservoir of energy and also an organ that contributes to the aesthetics and health of human body working as an endocrine tissue. White adipose tissue, which is formed by unilocular adipose cells, can modify organic homeostasis by controlling energy expenditure and consumption and by producing adipokines that regulate food consumption, and carbohydrate and lipid metabolic utilization. Brown adipose tissue is structured by multilocular cells containing many small fat drops that can be easily hydrolyzed. This tissue is involved in adaptative or facultative thermogenesis because it contains the uncoupling-1 protein (UCP-1) which by inhibiting ATP synthesis releases heat. The size of brow adipose tissue is reduced with aging and the most recent future strategies to fight obesity may be by transforming white cells into brown adipose tissue. The present work reviews the main structural and functional characteristics of white and brown adipose tissue with emphasis in its endocrine and regulatory function. KEY-WORDS: Adipokines -Brown adipose tissueTemperature regulation -White adipose tissue. INTRODUCCIÓNEs común para muchos de nosotros el que a lo largo de nuestra existencia vaya modificándose el peso corporal, particularmente con la acumulación de tejido adiposo donde antes no lo teníamos, con lo cual se modifica, a veces lamentándolo mucho, nuestra imagen física. Sin embargo, sin menospreciar el efecto poco estético de la acumulación de grasa, esta se torna más grave cuando cobra importancia clínica-patológica impactando muy negativamente nuestra salud. La relación entre el sobrepeso-obesidad y el desarrollo de las enfermedades crónicas no tran...

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Body fat and adipose tissue cellularity in infants: A longitudinal study

Cited by 142 publications

References 18 publications

Dietary fat and fat types as early determinants of childhood obesity: a reappraisal

Dietary fat and fat types as early determinants of childhood obesity: a reappraisal

Adipose Tissue Thymidine Kinase Activity in Man

El tejido adiposo: algo más que un reservorio de energía

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