Body composition is related to increase in plasma adiponectin levels rather than training in young obese men

Abstract

We assessed the major factors regulating adiponectin levels and the influence of exercise training on adiponectin levels in young obese men (19.2 +/- 1.1 yrs, BMI: 31.1 +/- 4.2, %fat: 27.2 +/- 3.9%). Subjects were separated into three groups (aerobic exercise group [AE: n=7], aerobic and resistance exercise group [AE + RE: n = 7], control group [n = 7]). AE underwent an 8-week training program (three times per week, more than 30 min endurance exercise at ventilatory threshold (VT) intensity). AE + RE went through resistance exercise two or three times per week together with the above endurance exercise for 5 months. Prior to intervention (n = 21), adiponectin levels were significantly correlated with percentage of fat. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that percent body fat was an independent predictor of basal adiponectin levels (r2 = 0.370; P<0.01). After intervention, fat mass, and VT were significantly improved in AE. AE + RE exhibited significant reduction in weight, BMI, percent body fat and fat mass, and had significantly increased VT, VO2max cycling power and torque. Insulin was not changed in both groups. The control group exhibited no significant change in any variables. Although adiponectin levels were unchanged in the three groups, a significant negative correlation between delta fat mass and delta adiponectin levels was observed (n = 21, r = -0.461, P<0.05). In addition, delta percent body fat was an independent predictor of delta adiponectin levels (r2 = 0.327, P<0.05). These findings indicate that for increasing the adiponectin level, improvement of the body composition of young obese men is more important than the way training is performed.

Effect of Exercise on Circulating Adipokine Levels in Obese Young Women

“…Although it is not clear whether long-standing low adiponectin levels from an early age has an adverse effect, it appears of great importance to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the low adiponectin levels not only in middle-aged subjects but also in young subjects to prevent lifestyle-related diseases. A few studies have been conducted on the relationship between adiponectin levels and aerobic exercise training [10,11], and it was reported that the exercise training was not able to increase adiponectin levels in obese young men [13,33]. However, the effect of aerobic exercise on adiponectin levels in obese young women is not known.…”

“…It has been shown that basal adiponectin concentration was not altered after longterm exercise [10][11][12][13][14]. In contrast, Kriketos et al [15] recently reported that fasting adiponectin levels increased by 260% above baseline values after 2-3 bouts of low to moderate intensity exercise.…”

“…Several studies exploring the effects of exercise on circulating adiponectin levels have resulted in inconsistent findings [10][11][12][13][14][15]. It has been shown that basal adiponectin concentration was not altered after longterm exercise [10][11][12][13][14].…”

“…In contrast, Kriketos et al [15] recently reported that fasting adiponectin levels increased by 260% above baseline values after 2-3 bouts of low to moderate intensity exercise. Although Hara et al [13] performed a study on young obese men, no reports have been available on adiponectin concentra-tions in obese young women during prolonged and moderate intensity exercise.…”

The effects of acute exercise on serum adiponectin and resistin levels and their relation to insulin sensitivity in overweight males

“…It seems that modifications in body weight or body composition might be responsible for alterations in adiponectin levels (Esposito et al 2003;Hulver et al 2002;Monzillo et al 2003). Recent reports indicate that in young obese men, adiponectin levels are increased following an improvement of the body composition and this is more important than the way training is performed (Hara et al 2005). The present study examined the acute effects of exercise where there was no evidence of body weight change and this could explain the lack of modifications in adiponectin levels.…”