Body composition and risk for metabolic alterations in female adolescents

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To study anthropometrical and body composition variables as predictors of risk for metabolic alterations and metabolic syndrome in female adolescents.METHODS: Biochemical, clinical and corporal composition data of 100 adolescents from 14 to 17 years old, who attended public schools in Viçosa, Southeastern Brazil, were collected.RESULTS: Regarding nutritional status, 83, 11 and 6% showed eutrophia, overweight/obesity and low weight, respectively, and 61% presented high body fat percent. Total cholesterol presented the highest percentage of inadequacy (57%), followed by high-density lipoprotein (HDL - 50%), low-density lipoprotein (LDL - 47%) and triacylglycerol (22%). Inadequacy was observed in 11, 9, 3 and 4% in relation to insulin resistance, fasting insulin, blood pressure and glycemia, respectively. The highest values of the fasting insulin and the Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) were verified at the highest quartiles of body mass index (BMI), waist perimeter, waist-to-height ratio and body fat percent. Body mass index, waist perimeter, and waist-to-height ratio were the better predictors for high levels of HOMA-IR, blood glucose and fasting insulin. Waist-to-hip ratio was associated to arterial hypertension diagnosis. All body composition variables were effective in metabolic syndrome diagnosis.CONCLUSIONS: Waist perimeter, BMI and waist-to-height ratio showed to be good predictors for metabolic alterations in female adolescents and then should be used together for the nutritional assessment in this age range.

Waist‐to‐height ratio as a risk marker for metabolic syndrome in childhood. A meta‐analysis

“…The accuracy of WtHR above the cut-off point to identify the clustering of MS criteria was evaluated in 13 studies, with estimates of sensitivity and specificity (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24) . The AUC of the progressive increasing measurements of the WtHR to classify MS was estimated in 18 studies (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). The correlation coefficient between the WtHR values and a quantitative MS scale was measured in three studies (20,31,32).…”

Waist‐to‐height ratio, body mass index and waist circumference for screening paediatric cardio‐metabolic risk factors: a meta‐analysis

“…All included papers are cross-sectional studies, being published between 2007 and 2015. Sixteen studies were conducted in the American continent (19,21,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38), 10 in Europe (39-48), six in Asia (49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54) and two in Africa (55,56).…”

“…Ten studies have assessed the screening power of anthropometric indexes on metabolic syndrome ( Fig. 7) (30,31,36,38,43,48,50,52,54,56). The pooled AUC values for all indexes were significantly greater than 0.7.…”

“…Concerning patient selection, the risk of bias was high in three studies (8.8%) because patients were not recruited randomly (33,42,43). The risk of bias was unclear in eleven studies (32.4%) as the sampling methods for obesity reviews recruitment were not described in detail (25,29,30,32,34,37,38,41,46,48,51).…”

“…The risk of bias in reference standard was high in nine studies (26.5%) (30,31,36,38,39,42,47,52,54). Three studies used self-developed definitions (39, 42,47), while other studies involved WC measurement in screening for metabolic syndrome, which might introduce review bias (57).…”