Body composition and ankle-brachial index in Ghanaians with asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease in a tertiary hospital

Abstract

BackgroundAnkle-brachial index (ABI) and indices of obesity are both use to indicate cardiovascular risk. However, association between body composition indices and ABI, a measure of peripheral arterial disease, is inconsistent in various study reports. In this study, we investigated the relationship between ABI and general and central indices of obesity in Ghanaians without history of cardiovascular diseases.MethodIn a case–control design, ABI was measured in a total of 623 subjects and categorised into PAD (ABI ≤ 0.9, n = 261) and non-PAD (ABI > 0.9, n = 362) groups. Anthropometric indices, BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-height ratio (WHtR) were also measured.ResultsPAD subjects had higher mean BMI (29.8 ± 8.7 vs. 26.5 ± 7.6 kg/m2, p = 0.043) and waist circumference (95 ± 15 vs. 92 ± 24 cm, p = 0.034) than non-PAD subjects. In multivariable logistic regression models, having BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 increased the odds of both unilateral [OR (95 % CI): 2 (1.14–3.51), p < 0.01] and overall PAD [2 (1.22–3.27), p < 0.01].ConclusionIn indigenous Ghanaians in our study, PAD participants had higher BMI and waist circumference than non-PAD participants. Also, halving BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 was associated with twofold increase in the odds of PAD.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40608-016-0107-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Peripheral arterial disease and its correlates in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a teaching hospital in northern Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

“…This was independent of other factors including dyslipidaemia and poor glycaemic control. This was similar to the findings in studies from Africa and the Middle East [29,32]. A multi-country study in Asia found a relationship between lower BMI and PAD: few participants in the study were obese or overweight [11].…”

“…Smoking was not common among our subjects-there were no current smokers and previous smoking was insignificant. Other studies we reviewed, found no relationship between sex and the PAD [10,29]. We observed that older DM patients were less likely to have PAD and there was no relationship between the duration since diagnosis of DM with PAD.…”

“…Mwebaze et al (2014) and Ogbera et al (2015) found that PAD was more common in younger DM patients, although this was not significant [14,15]. This was different from the observations made in other studies [9,29]. Advancing age as well as a longer duration of DM was associated with PAD in some studies in sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere [10,13,23].…”

Risk factors for peripheral arterial disease in elderly patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus: A clinical study

“…In terms of gender, some other studies also found it had no significant relationship with PAD. 8 , 12 Subsequently, among the studies available, the influence of gender on PAD seems still controversial. As most of the studies were cross-sectional studies, no longitudinal and randomized controlled studies were conducted.…”

Associação do fluxo sanguíneo periférico e capacidade funcional em amputados de membro inferior

“…4 A Doença Arterial Periférica (DAP) é uma das doenças cardiovasculares mais debilitantes, sendo na maioria dos casos diagnosticada em estágios mais avançados da doença, quando esta se torna sintomática. 5 A retirada parcial ou total de um membro, interfere diretamente na capacidade funcional do individuo podendo também alterar o fluxo sanguíneo do membro inferior e repercutir assim na hemodinâmica cardiovascular. 1,12,13 A DAP, resultante de um processo aterosclerótico, que afeta as artérias coronárias e promove a oclusão de artérias dos membros inferiores, é amplamente variável ao redor do mundo, e no Brasil ainda há poucos registros na literatura atual, sendo que sua identificação é de fundamental importância já que esta aumenta o risco de evento cardiovascular e possível amputação contralateral.…”