Bobwhite Quail Populations on Hunted vs. Protected Areas

Baumgartner, F. M.

doi:10.2307/3795707

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…This explanation appears more plausible to us, particularly since it has some empirical support provided by game biologists. Baumgartner (1944) and Mosby and Overton (1950) took a census of bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) in hunted and protected areas. Their longitudinal evaluations indicate that the removal of a part of the population through controlled shooting actually seemed to give quail located in hunted areas a better percentage of survival rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of parental behavior in Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).

Hess¹,

Petrovich²,

Goodwin³

1976

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology

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The Japanese quail is a precocial species, and because of its relatively rapid development, sexual maturation in about 40 days after hatching, and prolific breeding capacity, it promises to become an organism well suited for avian research. One stumbling block has been the inability to induce, with any consistency, parental behavior in laboratory stocks. The study reported herein demonstrates a method for establishing a self-perpetuating population under aeminaturalistic conditions. In addition, given the limitions of finite space, chick mortality appears to have been mostly density dependent, thus indicating that the increase in the size of the population is circumscribed in part by population density.The Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) has been described as an organism well suited for avian research (Padgett & Ivey, 1959;W. O. Wilson, Abbott, & Abplanalp, 1959, 1961. Our laboratory has focused on the imprinting phenomenon for many years (Hess, 1973), and the Japanese quail promises to be an excellent subject for study (Clements & Lien, in press;Kovach, 1974 Kovach, ,1975Ozmon, 1970; Schein & Kimmel, Note 1). It is a precocial species, and because of its relatively rapid development, sexual maturation in about 40 days after hatching, and prolific breeding capacity, it deserves more attention than it has received hitherto from behavioral scientists interested in imprinting. One stumbling block, perhaps unexpected to many investigators, has been the inability to induce parental behavior in laboratory stocks of Japanese quail (Brody, 1970;Rothstein, 1967; Schein, Note 2), which for many generations have been propagated only by artificial incubation. Surely, the Japanese quail species at one time possessed the parental behaviors necessary for its perpetuation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of parental behavior in Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).

Hess¹,

Petrovich²,

Goodwin³

1976

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology

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“…The threshold construct led to the deduction that harvest was fully compensatory (0 birds lost for 1 bird harvested) if it did not take a population below the threshold level. Apparent support for the threshold concept appeared in the literature on northern bobwhites (Baumgartner 1944), California quail (C. californicus; Glading and Saarni 1944), Gambel's quail (Swank and Gallizioli 1954), and scaled quail (Campbell et al 1973). The potentially selflimiting nature of game harvest-quarry becomes more wary with exposure to hunting, hunters wax and wane with quarry populations-also came to light through research (Allen 1954:124-125, Peterson andPerez 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

Multistate Analysis of Fixed, Liberal Regulations in Quail Harvest Management

Guthery

Peterson

Lusk

et al. 2004

Journal of Wildlife Management

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We derived consequences (realizations of hunter efficiency, relative harvest rates) of fixed, liberal quail (northern bobwhite [Colinus virginianus], Gambel's quail [Callipepla gambelii], and scaled quail [C. squamata]) harvest regulations applied at large scales from time series on quail abundance, total harvest, and hunter participation. Data came from Kansas (1966–2001), Missouri (1983–2001), Oklahoma (1990–2001), north and south Texas (1986–2001), and Arizona (1982–1999), USA, where harvest regulations were liberal (season length 2.5–4 months, daily bag limit 8–15 birds) during the periods of record. For all study regions, hunter‐days were expressible as a linear function of quail abundance, and total harvest was expressible as a linear function of hunter‐days. These results implied that hunter efficiency (harvest/hunter‐day/index bird) declined monotonically and curvilinearly as quail populations increased. Likewise, relative harvest rate declined monotonically and curvilinearly as abundance increased, which implied that harvest was not self‐limiting; however, the rate of decline generally was low because harvest rate was the product of an increasing (hunter‐days) and a decreasing function (hunter efficiency) of quail abundance. Under fixed, liberal regulations, variations in quail abundance seem to govern harvest rates at the state or regional level; the regulations per se probably are biologically inconsequential.

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“…In general, the literature on quail harvest management is contentious, confusing, and often contradictory (Guthery 2002:95). Much of the confusion surrounding quail harvest management is related to early studies that provided empirical support for the doomed-surplus or full compensation hypothesis (Baumgartner 1944, Parmalee 1953, Campbell et al 1973. The consistent theme of these studies was that hunting had no impact on the fall-to-spring mortality of quail populations.…”

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confidence: 99%

Empirical Tests of Hunter–covey Interface Models

Hardin

Brennan

Hernández

et al. 2005

Journal of Wildlife Management

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Quail hunting consists of a complex set of behaviors that involve humans, pointing dogs, and wild birds. The recent development of models known as Hunter-Covey Interface (HCI) theory provides an opportunity to analyze how we perceive, understand, and manage quail hunting. There are 2 groups of HCI models: static and dynamic. The static HCI model predicts daily hunting mortality based on the velocity of the hunt and area covered during a hunt. The dynamic HCI models estimate the probability of flushing a covey given a set of circumstances that revolve around the potential rate of which quail learn to avoid hunters. We quantified the variables required to test whether the static and dynamic models of HCI theory provide meaningful results. We used spatial data on hunting velocity and area covered during >100 quail hunts, along with estimates of quail population density, mortality, and movements from 2 areas in south Texas, to evaluate output from HCI models. The static model predicted average daily harvest rates that ranged from 5 to 50 birds. This average is within the range of average daily bag of south Texas quail hunters in groups of 2-4. Output from the dynamic models suggested that quail populations on our study areas were subjected to relatively low hunting intensities with a corresponding low avoidance behavior and learning rate, which is a scenario that matched 1 of 4 predictions by Guthery (2002). We found it difficult to meet basic assumptions of HCI theory. For example, hunting pressure was potentially redundant, coveys were not always randomly distributed in space, and the extent to which quail are naive at the beginning of a hunting season was unknown. However, both the static and dynamic HCI models appeared robust to violation of these assumptions. Application of HCI theory may provide meaningful results that can be used to manage quail hunting pressure, optimize harvest, and sustain populations. JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 69(2):498-514; 2005

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Bobwhite Quail Populations on Hunted vs. Protected Areas

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Induction of parental behavior in Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).

Induction of parental behavior in Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).

Multistate Analysis of Fixed, Liberal Regulations in Quail Harvest Management

Empirical Tests of Hunter–covey Interface Models

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