Blood Type and Blood Donation Behaviors: An Empirical Test of Pure Altruism Theory

Sasaki, Shusaku; Funasaki, Yoshifumi; Kurokawa, Hirofumi; Ohtake, Fumio

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3171957

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Subsection IIIA. 24 We also adopt a specification with X squared instead of I[ X j ≥ 4] to account for the nonlinearity, and most of our results also remain unchanged. We estimate equation 5using ordinary least squares (OLS).…”

Section: Identification Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Again, we plot the changes in residual of transformed price regressed on a constant term (year fixed effect). Each 24 Furthermore, we draw on Hansen (1999) to estimate a regression kink model with an unknown location of the kink. We find that the location of the kink is X = 3.30 for a default trimming parameter of 0.15 and X = 5.09 for the parameter 0.20 for the short-term analysis (2011-2012).…”

Section: Identification Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do Risk Preferences Change? Evidence from the Great East Japan Earthquake

Hanaoka

Shigeoka

Watanabe

2018

American Economic Journal: Applied Economics

186

139

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We investigate whether individuals' risk preferences change after experiencing a natural disaster, specifically, the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. Exploiting the panels of nationally representative surveys on risk preferences, we find that men who experienced greater intensity of the earthquake became more risk tolerant a year after the Earthquake. Interestingly, the effects on men's risk preferences are persistent even five years after the Earthquake at almost the same magnitude as those shortly after the Earthquake. Furthermore, these men gamble more, which is consistent with the direction of changes in risk preferences. We find no such pattern for women. (JEL D12, D81, J16, Q54)

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Section: Identification Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identification Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Risk Preferences Change? Evidence from the Great East Japan Earthquake

Hanaoka

Shigeoka

Watanabe

2018

American Economic Journal: Applied Economics

186

139

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“…It is possible that when a CR-M campaign is not conspicuous, consumers behave altruistically out of pure compassion for others. While we did not measure consumers' motivations to donate in this context, the concept of pure altruism (Owens et al, 2018;Sasaki et al, 2018) may help explain this behavior. Overall, the results for H2-H4 demonstrate that high-end brands benefit the most when a brand's CR-M campaign are conspicuous, while lowend brands may not reap benefits of this marketing practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…lowend brands), they derive no social or ego-enhancement benefits (Grace and Griffin, 2006). Instead, consumers may be motivated to donate to charities out of compassion for others, in acts classified as pure altruism (Owens et al, 2018;Sasaki et al, 2018). In such cases, the motivation to donate stems from the desire to help others; thus, the brand level of the item becomes irrelevant.…”

Section: Effect Of Conspicuous Compassion On Consumers' Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring conspicuous compassion as a brand management strategy

Childs

Kim

2019

JPBM

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Purpose Cause-related marketing (CR-M) – promising to donate to a charity when consumers purchase specific products – is a popular brand strategy, particularly in the social media context. In light of Veblen’s theory of conspicuous consumption, the purpose of this experimental study is to test the impact of a brand’s level and the conspicuousness of a brand’s CR-M campaign on consumers’ brand-related responses. Results reveal a novel mechanism underlying the effects by showing that pride and guilt mediate results. Design/methodology/approach This research is based on two studies that used a 2 (brand level: high-end vs low-end) × 2 (conspicuous of CR-M campaign: conspicuous vs non-conspicuous) between-subjects experimental design with random assignment to conditions and manipulation checks. Findings Results reveal that consumers respond more favorably when high-end brands participate in CR-M, particularly when the CR-M promotion is conspicuous. That is, when a high-end brand partners with a charity, especially under conspicuous conditions, it significantly improves consumers’ brand attitudes and intent to share with others. Moreover, pride and guilt are important mediators in effects. Practical implications The results of this study offer strong implications for brand managers seeking to partner with charities in CR-M campaigns. Results suggest that implementing CR-M campaigns may be fruitful for brands, particularly high-end brands when they enhance the conspicuousness of their CR-M campaign. Originality/value Results empirically extend the notion of conspicuous consumption by demonstrating that social status can be achieved by displaying not only acquired goods but also benevolence.

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“…Previous findings on blood group differences in donation rates are somewhat mixed. Though some studies found no association between blood groups and donation rates, indicating that blood donation is driven by various motivations (Wevers, Wigboldus, De Kort, Van Baaren, & Veldhuizen, 2014;Wildman & Hollingsworth, 2009), others found O-donors to have a higher chance of ever donating (Sasaki, Funasaki, Kurokawa, & Ohtake, 2020), O-negative donors to have a higher chance of returning for a subsequent donation (Gemelli, Hayman, & Waller, 2017), and being a high-frequency donor (Veldhuizen, Doggen, Atsma, & De Kort, 2009). More specifically, Sasaki and colleagues (2020) found that the positive association between O-blood group and blood donations was especially present when donors knew that their blood could be used to treat all patients in need of blood.…”

Section: Altruism As a Motivation Of Blood Donationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altruism in Blood Donation: Out of Sight, Out of Mind? Closing donation centers influences blood donor lapse

Piersma¹,

Bekkers

Merz³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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In this paper, we use register data on all blood donors (n = 259,172) and changes in geographical locations of blood donation centers in the Netherlands over the past decade, to examine the strength of altruistic motivations in blood donation by testing how blood donor behavior changes after the cost of donating in the form of time and inconvenience increases. We examined whether closing donation centers influences blood donor lapse, and whether the risk for lapse varies between donors with different blood groups. A lower lapsing risk for donors with universal, O-negative blood as costs increase is considered as evidence of altruism: continued efforts in making a societal impact despite the increased time commitment would indicate altruism in donor behavior. In the total sample, 137,172 (52.9%) donors lapsed at least once. We found a very strong effect of changes in the distance to the nearest collection point on donor lapse. Donors whose nearest donation center closed were 53% more likely to lapse than donors whose donation center remained open, with the risk for donor lapse increasing with each extra kilometer distance to the new nearest donation center. While O-negative donors were 10.5% less likely to lapse after closing a donation center compared to donors with other blood groups, the effect of closing was similar across blood groups. Based on these results, we conclude that blood donors are clearly sensitive to cost changes imposed by blood banks and that they are not particularly motivated by altruistic concerns. Future studies are recommended to further examine the role of contextual factors in motivational change across the blood donor career. Blood banks are advised to strategically place donation centers throughout the country to promote blood donations, and design interventions to reduce donation barriers after changing their donation centers’ locations.

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Blood Type and Blood Donation Behaviors: An Empirical Test of Pure Altruism Theory

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

Do Risk Preferences Change? Evidence from the Great East Japan Earthquake

Do Risk Preferences Change? Evidence from the Great East Japan Earthquake

Exploring conspicuous compassion as a brand management strategy

Altruism in Blood Donation: Out of Sight, Out of Mind? Closing donation centers influences blood donor lapse

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