Blood Screening for Non‐a, Non‐b Hepatitis by Hepatitis C Virus Antibody Assay

Katayama, Toru; Kikuchi, Shu; Tanaka, Yukië; Saito, Izumu; Miyamura, Tatsuo; Choo, Qui‐Lim; Houghton, Mike; Kuo, George

doi:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1990.30490273448.x

Cited by 43 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The prevalence of anti-HCV was similar or even lower in The prevalence of anti-HCV among these two healthy groups suggested that HCV carrier rate is about 2.6-2.8%. This is higher than the values reported previously from Japan, USA and European countries ranging 0.5-1.5% (6,8,9,(12)(13)(14)(15) by the use of the same assay system described here. In Thailand, 3.1% of the population under the age of 30 were positive, whereas only 0.45% of the normal population of those ages in Japan had HCV antibody (K. Nishioka, personal communication).…”

Section: And Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…Serological assays to detect antibody to a nonstructural gene product of the virus (anti-HCV) performed in the USA, Japan and Italy have shown that HCV is a major causative agent for transfusionassociated NANBH (6)(7)(8)(9). In these countries, more than 50% of NANBH patients with no history of blood transfusion have been shown to have anti-HCV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Antibody Among Healthy Blood Donors and Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis Patients in Thailand

Boonmar¹,

Pojanagaroon²,

Watanabe³

et al. 1990

JJMSB

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SUMMARY:With the antigen expressed in yeast from a cDNA clone encoding a non-structural region of newly discovered hepatitic C virus (HCV) genome, the prevalence of HCV antibody in people in Thailand was investigated. Antibody was detected in 2.6% of healthy blood donors and in 2.8% of healthy pregnant women. These prevalence rates were higher than those reported previously from Japan, USA and European countries. Among community-acquired, sporadic cases of acute and chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis, however, only 5.7% and 15.4% were shown to possess the antibody, respectively. Among hepatocellular carcinoma patients who were negative for hepatitis B surface antigen in the sera, 11.1% had antibody to HCV. These seroepidemiological data suggest that HCV plays an important role as an etiological agent in Thailand; however, other agents must also be involved in etiologic agents of viral hepatitis and chronic liver disease.

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Section: And Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Antibody Among Healthy Blood Donors and Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis Patients in Thailand

Boonmar¹,

Pojanagaroon²,

Watanabe³

et al. 1990

JJMSB

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“…1, 4 and 8 had previous histories of blood transfusion approximately 30 years ago. Most likely, they were infected with HCV on these occasions (16). These results as well as such a high prevalence of HCV antibody in non-B HCC patients (6) suggest that HCV is an important factor in pathogenesis of HCC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

DETECTION OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS cDNA SEQUENCE BY THE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA TISSUES

Yoneyama

Takeuchi

Watanabe

et al. 1990

JJMSB

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SUMMARY:We found the presence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in liver tissues of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who had antibodies to HCV but no serological markers for hepatitis B virus infection by the sensitive reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction (R/PCR) method. The primers used were derived from the non-structural (NS) 3 and/or the structural (C/E) region. Amplified cDNA sequences of HCV were detected in either cancerous or noncancerous portion of liver tissues from four out of eight HCC patients with primers of NS3 region. Similar but less efficient results were obtained with primers of C/E region. These results indicate that HCV persists in the liver tissue of HCC. A possible role of persistent infection of HCV for the development of HCC is discussed.

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“…13) and demonstrated the efficacy of these assays in screening out infectious blood donations (9,10,(14)(15)(16). Although the anti-C100-3 assay is a highly valuable clinical and screening tool, it is not capable of detecting all infectious blood donors (9,10,(14)(15)(16) and its use in diagnosis is limited by the delay that is often observed prior to seroconversion (9,12). The C100-3 antigen represents only about 12% of the coding capacity of HCV and corresponds mainly with the nonstructural protein 4 (NS4) region of the flaviviruses (2,13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection using an immunodominant chimeric polyprotein to capture circulating antibodies: reevaluation of the role of HCV in liver disease.

Chien¹,

Choo²,

Tabrizi³

et al. 1992

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

108

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Structural and nonstructural regions of the HCV-encoded polyprotein have been expressed in recombinant yeast, bacteria, or insect cells and used to capture and measure reactive antibodies circulating in different individuals. The putative nucleocapsid protein (C) and nonstructural proteins 3-5 (NS3-NS5) were found to contain the most immunodominant epitopes. The NS3, NS4, and C regions were expressed in yeast in the form of a fused, chimeric polyprotein (C25) and a capture assay for reactive antibody was developed. This anti-C25 assay detects all previously identified HCV-seropositive cases and provides a substantially more sensitive diagnostic for both acute and chronic HCV infections than the current anti-C100-3 (NS4) assay. Anti-C25 was detected more frequently than anti-C100-3 in chronic, transfusion-associated non-A, non-B hepatitis patients from the United States (95% vs. 71%) and Japan (98% vs. 82%), in cryptogenic cirrhosis patients from the United States (62% vs. 28%), and in hepatitis B surface antigen-negative cases of hepatocellular carcinoma from Japan (83% vs. 63%). These data indicate that HCV has a greater role in these liver diseases than was previously thought. In volunteer United States blood donors sampled following the introduction of anti-C100-3 screening, the prevalence of anti-C25 and anti-C100-3 was 0.5% and 0.08%, respectively.

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Blood Screening for Non‐a, Non‐b Hepatitis by Hepatitis C Virus Antibody Assay

Cited by 43 publications

References 5 publications

Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Antibody Among Healthy Blood Donors and Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis Patients in Thailand

Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Antibody Among Healthy Blood Donors and Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis Patients in Thailand

DETECTION OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS cDNA SEQUENCE BY THE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA TISSUES

Diagnosis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection using an immunodominant chimeric polyprotein to capture circulating antibodies: reevaluation of the role of HCV in liver disease.

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