Blood lipids, lipoproteins, apoproteins, and uric acid in men fed diets containing fructose or high-amylose cornstarch

Abstract

Ten hyperinsulinemic and 11 nonhyperinsulinemic men consumed for 5 wk each in a cross-over design a diet, similar to one currently consumed in the United States, with 20% of the kilocalories from either fructose or high-amylose cornstarch to determine the effects of the two diets on various blood metabolites considered to be risk factors associated with heart disease. In the hyperinsulinemic men the intake of fructose as compared with cornstarch significantly increased total triglycerides and their lipoprotein distribution; total and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; apoproteins B-100, C-II, C-III; and uric acid. In the nonhyperinsulinemic men total triglycerides, total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and uric acid were significantly greater after the consumption of fructose than after cornstarch. The results indicate that in a diet high in saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, fructose increases the levels of risk factors associated with heart disease, especially in hyperinsulinemic men.

Intake of Added Sugar and Sugar-Sweetened Drink and Serum Uric Acid Concentration in US Men and Women

“…4 Several animal studies have demonstrated that fructose has a pathogenetic role in hypertension: overloaded fructose may cause hypertension, 10 -12,31 whereas a high-fructose diet increased mortality in hypertensive rats. 42 Associations between intakes of added sugar and sugar-sweetened drinks and serum uric acid are also consistent with previous trials, [43][44][45][46][47] where the administration of a high dose of fructose, either intravenously or orally, led to increases in serum uric acid concentration.…”

The Ingestion of a Fructose-Containing Beverage Combined with Fat Cream Exacerbates Postprandial Lipidemia in Young Healthy Women

“…The levels of free fatty acids (FFA) (Eiken Chemical, Tokyo, Japan) and lactate (Kyowa Medex, Tokyo, Japan) were measured enzymatically. The level of -hydroxybutyric acid ( -HB) was meaconcentrations 4,5) , and postprandial hyperlipidemia is widely accepted to be a major risk factor for coronary heart disease, as first proposed by Zilversmit 6) . Furthermore, the habitual consumption of fructose has also been reported to increase the deposition of visceral adipose tissue 7) .…”

Fructose consumption as a risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

“…Fructose, by causing ATP depletion, can rapidly generate uric acid which can be detected in the blood within minutes of ingestion [40]. Chronic fructose feeding can also lead to increased uric acid levels [41,42] and intake of fructose correlates with uric acid levels in the population [43]. Furthermore, patients on a high fructose or sucrose diet show a greater uric acid response to a bolus of fructose [40,41] consistent with upregulation of KHK activity.…”