Blood lead and cadmium levels in a six hospital employee population. PESA study, 2009

González-Estecha, Montserrat; Trasobares, Elena M.; Fuentes, Manuel; Martı́nez, Marı́a José; Cano, Silvia Martínez; Vergara, Nuria; Gaspar, M J; González-Revaldería, J; Barciela, M. C.; Bugarín, Zoila; Fernández, María Dolores Clemente; Badía, P.; Pintos, Concepción; González, Mónica Alonso; Guillén, José Jesús; Bermejo, Pilar; Fernández, Cristina; Arroyo, Manuel

doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2010.10.004

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Blood cadmium levels were found to be higher in menopausal than in premenopausal women, and higher in postmenopausal women than in men of corresponding age. By contrast, one study found no statistically significant differences in blood cadmium levels in postmenopausal and premenopausal women [90] ; however, urinary cadmium concentrations were higher in women than in men aged over 50 years [87] , with between-gender differences greater in individuals aged >50 years than those aged <50 years [91] . In addition, cadmium levels were significantly higher in the hair of elderly females than males [92] .…”

Section: Cadmiummentioning

confidence: 85%

Sex-specific Profiles of Blood Metal Levels Associated with Metal–Iron Interactions

Lee

Kim

2014

Safety and Health at Work

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The mechanisms by which iron is absorbed are similar to those of divalent metals, particularly manganese, lead, and cadmium. These metals, however, show different toxicokinetics in relation to menarche or menopause, although their interaction with iron is the same. This review focuses on the kinetics of these three toxic metals (manganese, lead, and cadmium) in relation to menarche, pregnancy, and menopause. The iron–manganese interaction is the major factor determining sex-specific differences in blood manganese levels throughout the whole life cycle. The effects of estrogen overshadow the association between iron deficiency and increased blood lead concentrations, explaining why women, despite having lower ferritin concentrations, have lower blood lead concentrations than men. Iron deficiency is associated with elevated cadmium levels in premenopausal women, but not in postmenopausal women or men; these findings indicate that sex-specific differences in cadmium levels at older ages are not due to iron–cadmium interactions, and that further studies are required to identify the source of these differences. In summary, the potential causes of sex-specific differences in the blood levels of manganese, lead, and cadmium differ from each other, although all these three metals are associated with iron deficiency. Therefore, other factors such as estrogen effects, or absorption rate as well as iron deficiency, should be considered when addressing environmental exposure to toxic metals and sex-specific differences in the blood levels of these metals.

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Section: Cadmiummentioning

confidence: 85%

Sex-specific Profiles of Blood Metal Levels Associated with Metal–Iron Interactions

Lee

Kim

2014

Safety and Health at Work

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“…Cigarette smoking has been identified as a significant predictor of increased blood lead levels in the general adult population [37, 41–44]. There are several published studies that analyze the association between maternal smoking and its effect on blood lead levels during pregnancy Moreover, the results of these studies were controversial since significant differences were found in some of them [17], while no differences were observed in others [34, 45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco Smoke Exposure During Pregnancy Increases Maternal Blood Lead Levels Affecting Neonate Birth Weight

Chełchowska¹,

Ambroszkiewicz²,

Jabłonka-Salach

et al. 2013

Biol Trace Elem Res

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To assess the effect of lead exposure from cigarette smoke on fetal growth, blood lead concentrations were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in 150 healthy pregnant women. Mean lead concentrations in plasma and whole blood were significantly higher in the smoking group compared with the nonsmoking group in each trimester of pregnancy (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed the highest impact of the number of cigarettes smoked per day for serum lead concentration (β = 0.238; p < 0.05), while in whole blood, it was duration of smoking before conception (β = 0.297; p < 0.001). Birth weight of the smoking mothers' infants was significantly lower (mean ± SEM, 3,192 ± 50.8 and 3,569 ± 49.6 g, respectively; p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with lead levels in plasma (r = −0.38; p < 0.001) and in whole blood (r = −0.27; p < 0.001). Therefore, it is suggested that smoking during pregnancy increases lead concentrations in maternal blood. Fetal exposure to low doses of lead in utero may be a serious risk factor causing lower birth weight.

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“…The filtrate was acidified with nitric acid. The acid solution coming from the mineralization and the filtrate acidified were analyzed by Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) (Perkin-Elmer, model 403; Laboratory of "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy) 22 or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), using the procedures described in UNI EN 14902. 23 Every subject wore the air sampler for the entire shift (7 hours).…”

Section: Personal Dosimetriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The limit of detection (LoD) for blood Cd and urinary Cd was 1.0 μg/L. 22 The Jaffé method was used to assess urinary creatinine. To account for concentration dilution in the urine samples, we divided the urinary Cd (μg/L) by urine creatinine (g/L) and expressed the concentrations of urinary Cd in terms of μg/g creatinine.…”

Section: Blood CD Urinary Cd and Blood Countmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between Cadmium and Blood Counts in Workers Exposed to Urban Stressor

Ciarrocca

Rosati

Tomei

et al. 2013

Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health

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The objective of this study was to assess the exposures to cadmium (Cd) in urban workers and the association between Cd exposure and values of blood counts. Urinary Cd, blood Cd, and blood counts were obtained from 355 outdoor workers; a subgroup of 99 subjects were monitored to evaluate personal exposure to airborne Cd. The mean value of personal exposure to Cd was 1.5 ng/m3 for traffic assistants and 1.2 ng/m3 for drivers. Urinary and blood Cd were correlated to the airborne Cd (respectively r=3 and r=4). The multiple linear regression models showed the associations among white blood cell, the percentage of neutrophils (NEU%), the percentage of lymphocytes (LYM%), and the concentrations of blood Cd (respectively R2=27, R2=37, R2=581). The subjects with blood Cd values higher than 1.2 μg/L showed an increase of LYM% mean values and a decrease of NEU% mean values with respect to the group with blood Cd values lower than 1.1 μg/L.

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Blood lead and cadmium levels in a six hospital employee population. PESA study, 2009

Cited by 31 publications

References 45 publications

Sex-specific Profiles of Blood Metal Levels Associated with Metal–Iron Interactions

Sex-specific Profiles of Blood Metal Levels Associated with Metal–Iron Interactions

Tobacco Smoke Exposure During Pregnancy Increases Maternal Blood Lead Levels Affecting Neonate Birth Weight

Correlation Between Cadmium and Blood Counts in Workers Exposed to Urban Stressor

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