Blood intermediary metabolite and insulin concentrations after an overnight fast: reference ranges for adults, and interrelations.

Foster, K. J.; Alberti, K. G. M. M.; Hinks, Lesley J.; Lloyd, Barbara; Postle, AD; Smythe, P.; Turnell, D C; Walton, R. J.

doi:10.1093/clinchem/24.9.1568

Cited by 100 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…Where the variance ( F ) ratio indicated an overall difference between the corrected 12-h means, Fisher's least significant difference test, which allows for multiple comparisons at a specified level of significance, was used to examine differences between individual studies. In view of their recognized non-Gaussian distribution (Foster et al, 1978), data for total ketone bodies and insulin were logarithmically transformed prior to statistical analysis. Data are presented as 12-h meanf SD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic effects of pharmacological adrenergic blockade in phaeochromocytoma

Krentz

Hale

Horrocks

et al. 1991

Clinical Endocrinology

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Twelve-hour hormonal and metabolic profiles were performed in a 68-year-old woman with a benign adrenal phaeochromocytoma (a) prior to adrenergic blockade, (b) after the establishment of pharmacological alpha-blockade with phenoxybenzamine, (c) after combined alpha and beta-blockade with phenoxybenzamine and propranolol, and (d) after successful surgery and withdrawal of medication. Pretreatment, (a) vs (d), significant elevations (12-h mean +/- SD) were observed in the concentrations of noradrenaline (44.9 +/- 14.4 vs 2.3 +/- 0.7 nmol/l, P less than 0.01), glucose (6.9 +/- 1.9 vs 5.0 +/- 1.0 mmol/l, P less than 0.05), glycerol (0.22 +/- 0.02 vs 0.07 +/- 0.01 mmol/l, P less than 0.01), non-esterified fatty acids (0.71 +/- 0.28 vs 0.34 +/- 0.08 mmol/l, P less than 0.01), and total ketone bodies (0.08 +/- 0.03 vs 0.03 +/- 0.02 mmol/l, P less than 0.01). Alpha-blockade, (b) vs (a), was associated with an increase in noradrenaline levels (P less than 0.01) but not with any significant alterations in intermediary metabolite concentrations. Following the establishment of combined alpha and beta-blockade, (c) vs (b), plasma noradrenaline returned to its pretreatment level while the concentrations of glycerol, fatty acids and ketone bodies were normalized. A completely physiological 12-h blood glucose profile, however, was observed only post-operatively. No significant differences were observed in mean plasma insulin levels between the four studies. These results indicate impaired regulation of multiple aspects of carbohydrate, lipid and ketone body metabolism in our patient.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic effects of pharmacological adrenergic blockade in phaeochromocytoma

Krentz

Hale

Horrocks

et al. 1991

Clinical Endocrinology

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“…The plasma water amino acid concentrations were calculated by dividing plasma amino acid concentrations by 0·93. The concentration of glycerol in dialysate samples was determined using an enzymatic method [25] on a CMA 600 Microdialysis Analyser (CMA Microdialysis, Stockholm, Sweden). The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge Hospital.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino acid concentration in the interstitium of human skeletal muscle: a microdialysis study

Gutiérrez

Anderstam

Alvestrand

1999

Eur J Clin Investigation

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In the post-absorptive phase, the concentrations of most amino acids in muscle interstitium are slightly higher than in venous plasma water. The leakage of intracellular amino acids, because of probe insertion, will initially lead to an overestimation of the actual interstitial concentration of amino acids. Therefore, reliable baseline values of amino acids cannot be obtained until 120-150 min after probe insertion. The dialysate concentration of carnosine may be used as a marker of cellular leakage.

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“…The biosensor had a dynamic range between 0.01mM to 0.10mM for PatoG-OG241 and 0.01mM to 1.0mM for PatoL-OG241 and PatoM-OG241 in E. coli DH5α. Physiological acetoacetate concentrations in human blood ranges in between 0.02-3mM [8,9,10]. The use of the entire native Pato region until the start codon of the ato operon in PatoG-OG241 showed a greater response in fluorescence output as compared to the PatoL-OG241 and PatoM-OG241 biosensors by approximately 10-fold (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acetoacetate is one of the three ketone bodies (acetone, acetoacetate, and β-hydroxybutyrate) produced in the liver. It serves as an alternative source of energy that is distributed through the bloodstream at concentrations between 0.02-3.0mM [8,9,10] when glucose levels are low. Ketone bodies also confer protective effects to the brain, which is why the ketogenic diet (high fat-low carbohydrate) is used to induce ketosis as a method of treatment against epilepsy [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered acetoacetate-inducible whole-cell biosensors based on the AtoSC two-component system

Rutter

Dekker

Fedorec

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Whole cell biosensors have great potential to be used as diagnostic and treatment tools in biomedical applications. Bacterial biosensors that respond to specific metabolites can help analyze spatio-temporal gradients in the body or cue expression of therapeutic agents in diseased sites. In this study, we developed an acetoacetate bacterial sensor by inserting the promoter of the atoSC two-component system (TCS) into a promoterless GFP expression plasmid and transformed it into E. coli DH5α and E. coli Nissle 1917, which both contain the atoSC TCS. This bacterial biosensor has a dynamic range of 0.01-1mM of acetoacetate, which is within the range of physiological concentrations in the blood, and exhibits up to a 100-fold change of induced GFP expression as measured by relative fluorescence. Comparing combinations among the two host strains and high/low-copy plasmid variations of the biosensor, we observed the fastest and highest response to acetoacetate with the E. coli Nissle 1917 low copy plasmid biosensor. Induction experiments on the biosensor using 50mM of the short chain fatty acids (SCFA) acetate, proprionate, and butyrate showed no response, indicating its specificity between acetoacetate and SCFAs. This acetoacetate bacterial sensor is a valuable contribution to the library of biosensors that may eventually be used for in vivo clinical applications.keywords: atoSC two-component system, synthetic biology, whole cell biosensor

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Blood intermediary metabolite and insulin concentrations after an overnight fast: reference ranges for adults, and interrelations.

Cited by 100 publications

References 0 publications

Metabolic effects of pharmacological adrenergic blockade in phaeochromocytoma

Metabolic effects of pharmacological adrenergic blockade in phaeochromocytoma

Amino acid concentration in the interstitium of human skeletal muscle: a microdialysis study

Engineered acetoacetate-inducible whole-cell biosensors based on the AtoSC two-component system

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