Blood Groups in Chimpanzees, Horses, Sheep, Pigs, and Other Mammals

Abstract

The study of experimental immunohematology has led us to look into the Some of the earlier results were summarized We confine ourselves here to ob-blood groups in different species. in Dujarric de la Rivigre and Eyquem.' servations that will cover the areas not discussed by the other contributors. Blood Groups in ChimpanzeesThe groups of the same origin previously studied by other workers were composed mainly of animals of group A and a few animals of group 0. No chimpanzee of group B has ever been identified. All the animals that we have examined possessed antigen A. This antigen is similar to the human antigen A1. A single animal possessed an antigen resembling Az , In the serum there is an agglutinin that acts on human B red blood cells at a titer of 1/16 to 1/128.These antigens have been studied in a first group of 10 chimpanzees by the technique of absorption of antibodies and agglutination of nontreated red cells. Of 10 animals, all possessed the c antigen and one only possessed the D antigen. The Coomb's test has not permitted the affirmation of the presence of the D antigen amongst the other animals, due to the presence of a low titer of heteroagglutinin in the anti-D human sera.A second group of 13 animals has permitted the affirmation of the presence of antigen c amongst all the chimpanzees and D antigen in 8 of them, but it is the technique of papainization of the red cells which reveals the maximum sensitivity of the Rh antigens (TABLE 1).The papainized red cells are agglutinated as strongly as the Rh+ human papainized red cells. This agglutiiiation was again detected with the anti-D serum diluted 1/3200 in all cases except one.All chimpanzees examined by this technique possessed an antigen D (Rho) like human D antigen, having an antigenicity stronger than the Du red cell antigen.

Feline Blood Transfusions

“…✜ Weakness ✜ Jaundice ✜ Tail tip necrosis ✜ Pigmenturia ✜ Sudden death Feline blood groups worldwide The prevalence of blood groups throughout the world has been studied since Holmes' first report of two distinct blood groups in cats in Manchester, UK. 40 Most studies have been in North America, [49][50][51][52] Europe 43,48,[53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64] and Australia, 42,65 with a few studies in South America 66 and Japan. 67,68 Throughout the world type A is the most common blood type, particularly within domestic shorthairs, type B is less common and type AB is considered rare.…”

Cytidine monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) mutations associated with the domestic cat AB blood group

“…Except in primates, no gene mutations have been identified that cause the many animal blood groups. The major blood group system of the domestic cat was identified in the early 1900's [2,3] and was later found to contain two types as determined by agglutination by naturally occurring alloantibodies [4,5]. The two major blood types are called type A and type B [6].…”

“…A majority of random bred cats throughout the world are type A [4-6,9-13]. However, some cat breeds have a high frequency of type B individuals.…”

Frequencies of feline blood types in the Rio de Janeiro area of Brazil

“…From those results he proposed a tentative system of nomenclature into groups EF, O, and F 5 . In 1962, the first 2 were designated as types A and B, respectively 6 . In 1980, the third blood type was designated as AB 7…”