Blood electrolytes of the freshwater catfish Heteropneustes fossilis in response to treatment with a botanical pesticide (latex of Euphorbia royleana)

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine changes in blood electrolytes (calcium and phosphate) in the freshwater catfish Heteropneustes fossilis following short- and long-term exposure to latex of Euphorbia royleana. To investigate the effects of short-term exposure, fish were exposed to 80% of the 96-h LC(50) of E. royleana latex (2.47 mg/L) for 96 h. To assess the effects of long-term exposure, fish were exposed to 20% of the 96-h LC(50) of E. royleana latex (0.618 mg/L) for 28 days. Fish were killed after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h (short-term experiments) or after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days (long-term experiments). Blood samples were collected and sera were analyzed to determine calcium and inorganic phosphate levels. Serum calcium levels decreased progressively in H. fossilis after 48 h exposure to E. royleana latex. This decrease persisted until the end of the experiment (96 h). Serum inorganic phosphate levels in treated fish decreased progressively from 72 h. After 7 days exposure to E. royleana latex, decreased serum calcium levels were noted in H. fossilis that persisted until the end of the experiment. Serum phosphate levels were decreased in H. fossilis on days 21 and 28 of exposure to E. royleana latex. It is concluded that E. royleana latex alters the blood electrolyte content of the fish. The change in these electrolytes, particularly calcium levels, may cause disturbances in the normal vital physiological functions of the fish, its growth rate, and even its ability to survive in nature.

Histological Changes in Calcium Regulating Endocrine Gland (Ultimobranchial) After Dimethoate Exposure in Freshwater Catfish <i>Heteropneustes Fossilis</i>

“…Velisek et al [26] have reported no significant change in Ca 2+ and Pi levels in common carp when exposed to deltamethrin, however, a decline in serum Ca 2+ levels in a freshwater teleost, Sarotherodon mossambicus when exposed to dimecron was recorded [27]. Recently, Prasad et al observed a progressive decrease in serum calcium level in Heteropneustes fossilis after 48 h (short term) and 7 d (long term) exposure to E. royleana latex which persisted until the end of the experiments [28]. Endosulfan induces an increase in the level of serum prolactin in fish Sarotherodon mossambicus [29].…”

Dimethoate Induced Changes in Serum Ca2+ and Corpuscles of Stannius in Freshwater Catfish Heteropneustes fossilis, after Short-Term and Long-Term Exposure

“…Thangavel et al however, recorded a decline in serum Ca 2+ levels in a freshwater teleost, Sarotherodon mossambicus when exposed to dimecron [23]. A progressive decrease in serum calcium level was observed in Heteropneustes fossilis after 48 h (short term) and 7 d (long term) exposure to Euphorbia royleana latex [24]. Das et al have reported hypocalcemia in Heteropneustes fossilis after dimethoate exposure [11].…”

Effect of Acorus calamus L. extract on growth performance and blood parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) cultivated in a recirculation system

“…The measured cholesterol and triglyceridesare lower respectively with 37% and 18% in the sweet flag supplement experimental group compared to control. The change in blood electrolytes may bring disturbances in the normal vital physiological functions of the fish and its growth rate (Prasad et al, 2011).…”