Blood coagulation studies in some wild Indian birds: Effect of different tissue thromboplastins

Nasreen, Tahira; Dube, B; Agrawal, Gunjan

doi:10.1016/0021-9975(77)90034-2

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Using RVV that activates Factor X in the common pathway, clotting time of plasma from untreated bobwhite (39.578.9 s, Fig. 8) was greater than that reported in several avian species ( $ 9-21 s; Tahira et al 1977;Timms, 1977), although precision for duplicate determinations (coefficient of variation 6.5%) and the standard deviation of the 5 control samples with 460 mg fibrinogen/dL seems acceptable. The volume of all plasma samples analyzed in the one-stage prothrombin time and RVVT assays was 100 ml, although dilution curves (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Acute toxicity of diphacinone in Northern bobwhite: Effects on survival and blood clotting

Rattner¹,

Horak²,

Warner³

et al. 2010

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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The anticoagulant rodenticide diphacinone was slightly toxic (acute oral LD50 2014 mg/kg) to Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) in a 14-day acute toxicity trial. Precise and sensitive assays of blood clotting (prothrombin time, Russell's Viper venom time, and thrombin clotting time) were adapted for use in quail, and this combination of assays is recommended to measure the effects of anticoagulant rodenticides. A single oral sublethal dose of diphacinone (434 mg/kg body weight) prolonged clotting time at 48 h post-dose compared to controls. At 783 mg/kg (approximate LD02), clotting time was prolonged at both 24 and 48 h post-dose. Prolongation of in vitro clotting time reflects impaired coagulation complex activity, and was detected before overt signs of toxicity were apparent at the greatest dosages (2868 and 3666 mg/kg) in the acute toxicity trial. These clotting time assays and toxicity data will assist in the development of a pharmacodynamic model to predict toxicity, and also facilitate rodenticide hazard and risk assessments in avian species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Acute toxicity of diphacinone in Northern bobwhite: Effects on survival and blood clotting

Rattner¹,

Horak²,

Warner³

et al. 2010

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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“…Using a thromboplastin extract from chick hatchlings, prothrombin time of untreated quail (mean ± standard deviation: 15.2 ± 1.5 sec, Figure 3) and kestrels (10.6 ± 0.8, Figure 5) was in the range of values reported for many species of domesticated and wild birds (Martin et al 1994, reviewed in Powers 2000, Thomson et al 2002, Morrisey et al 2003, Rattner et al 2009, Webster 2009). Using RVV that activates Factor X in the common pathway, clotting time of plasma from untreated quail (39.5 ± 8.9 sec, Figure 4) and kestrels (22.6 ± 2.8, Figure 6) was slightly greater than reported in other avian species (~9 to 21 sec; Tahira et al 1977, Timms 1977, although precision for duplicate RVVT determinations and standard deviation of control samples with >45 mg fibrinogen/dL, seems acceptable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Comparative Toxicity of Diphacinone to Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) and American Kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Rattner¹,

Horak

Warner³

et al. 2010

vertebrate_pest_conference

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The acute oral toxicity of the anticoagulant rodenticide diphacinone was found to be about 20 times greater to American kestrels (LD 50 =97 mg/kg) than to northern bobwhite (LD 50 =2,014 mg/kg). Several precise and sensitive clotting assays (prothrombin time, Russell's Viper venom time, thrombin clotting time) were adapted for use in these species, and this combination of assays is recommended to detect effects of diphacinone and other rodenticides on coagulation. Oral administration of diphacinone over a range of doses (sublethal to the extrapolated LD 15 ) prolonged prothrombin time and Russell's Viper venom time within 24 to 48 hrs post-exposure. Prolongation of in vitro clotting time reflects impaired coagulation complex activity and was detected before or at the onset of overt signs of toxicity and lethality. These data will assist in the development of a pharmacodynamic model to assess and predict rodenticide toxicity to non-target avian species.

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“…Some groups of tetrapods do not seem to express some or any components present in the CP. Although not extensively researched, birds seem to lack factor XII, and in some cases, factor XI (Tahira et al, 1977;Frost et al, 1999;Nevill, 2009). Nevertheless, most reptiles, except for snakes and sea turtles (Soslau et al, 2004;Nevill, 2009), have a fully functional CP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Molecular Evolution of Blood Coagulation Genes in Fishes and Cetaceans

Mariz

Nery

2020

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Among the many physiological changes that occurred during the transition from an aquatic to a terrestrial lifestyle by early vertebrates, blood coagulation has an interesting history. Blood coagulation genes, originally composed of a single pathway in fishes, have expanded to include a second pathway in the evolution of terrestrial vertebrates. However, genes of this second pathway have been secondarily lost in many lineages, as is the case for cetaceans, which returned to the aquatic environment during their evolution. Herein, we investigated the selective pressures on blood coagulation genes in a phylogenetic framework, focusing on fishes and cetaceans. Taking advantage of the availability of the genetic sequences of many vertebrate lineages and using a combination of bioinformatic tools, our results showed a diverse history of gene losses and gains, with different selective pressures acting on different genes of the blood coagulation functional pathway. In addition, there was no evidence of a clear convergent molecular evolution between cetaceans and fishes, highlighting that there are many possible evolutionary mechanisms with regard to a functional pathway that involves many genes.

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Blood coagulation studies in some wild Indian birds: Effect of different tissue thromboplastins

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Acute toxicity of diphacinone in Northern bobwhite: Effects on survival and blood clotting

Acute toxicity of diphacinone in Northern bobwhite: Effects on survival and blood clotting

Comparative Toxicity of Diphacinone to Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) and American Kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Unraveling the Molecular Evolution of Blood Coagulation Genes in Fishes and Cetaceans

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