Blood Clearance and Organ Distribution of Intravenously Administered Polystyrene Microspheres of Different Sizes

Yamaoka, Tetsuji; Tabata, Yasuhiko; Ikada, Yoshito

doi:10.1177/088391159300800302

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Since the macrophages effectively capture foreign objects through phagocytosis, it is not surprising that nanoparticles are rapidly removed from the circulation by these cells. In the absence of specific design features, typical nanoparticles, regardless of their material of composition, are generally cleared from circulation in 10 minutes [44][45][46][47]. Phagocytic clearance of nanoparticles is mediated by opsonization [10,[48][49][50][51].…”

Section: Nanoparticle Clearance From Blood: the Basicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors that Control the Circulation Time of Nanoparticles in Blood: Challenges, Solutions and Future Prospects

Yoo

Chambers²,

Mitragotri³

2010

CPD

460

292

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Numerous types of nanoparticles are being designed for systemic and targeted drug delivery. However, keeping nanoparticles in blood for sufficiently long times so as to allow them to reach their therapeutic target is a major challenge. Upon administration into blood, nanoparticles are quickly opsonized and cleared by the macrophages, thereby limiting their circulation times. Surface-modification of nanoparticles by PEG was developed as the first strategy to prolong nanoparticles circulation. While PEGylation has helped prolong particle circulation, it has several limitations including transient nature of the effect and compromised particle-target interactions. Accordingly, several other approaches have been developed to prolong nanoparticle circulation in blood. These include modification with CD47, modulation of mechanical properties, engineering particle morphology and hitchhiking on red blood cells. In this review, we discuss the factors that affect nanoparticles circulation time and discuss recent progress in development of strategies to prolong circulation time.

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Section: Nanoparticle Clearance From Blood: the Basicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors that Control the Circulation Time of Nanoparticles in Blood: Challenges, Solutions and Future Prospects

Yoo

Chambers²,

Mitragotri³

2010

CPD

460

292

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“…Encapsulation in the nanoparticles offers protection over prolonged periods of time and enables systemic or targeted release (66)(67)(68). Nevertheless, the first generation of non-coated nanoparticles failed due to short vascular circulation lifetimes (69,70). In general, particles in the blood stream are rapidly recognized and captured by the reticuloendotelial system (RES) and thus cleared within short periods after their injection (71,72).…”

Section: Polymeric Nanoparticles Coated With Poloxaminesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poloxamine-based nanomaterials for drug delivery

Alvarez‐Lorenzo¹

2010

Front Biosci

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Poloxamines (Tetronic) are X-shaped amphiphilic block copolymers formed by four arms of poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) (PEO-PPO) blocks bonded to a central ethylenediamine moiety. Such a structure confers multi-responsive behaviour, namely temperature and pH-sensitiveness. At relatively low concentrations but above the critical micellar concentration (CMC), poloxamines generate polymeric micelles. Due to the presence of a hydrophobic core, these nanocarriers are useful in the solubilization and stabilization of poorly water-soluble drugs. Moreover, chemical modification of the micellar core is feasible. These remarkable and unique features, compared to the well-known linear poloxamers, have motivated an increasing interest in the study and application of the branched derivatives in different emerging disciplines. The present review concisely overviews the most important developments comprising the application of poloxamines in drug delivery, mainly as micellar carriers capable of enhancing drug solubility and stability, and also as surface modifiers in the technology of stealth polymeric nanoparticles. Their potential for the administration of drugs by different routes and the improvement of the drug bioavailability and therapeutic effect are discussed.

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“…Bidirectional exchange might occur between the blood and tissues, possibly contributing to the smaller sizes found in the latter. Indeed, microspheres in circulation can accumulate in the narrower capillaries, causing mechanical blockage, potentiated by particle aggregation [ 38 ], or suffer differential removal by phagocytes or platelet aggregation [ 39 ]. Larger particle sizes may be found in the kidney due to accumulation in the preglomerular afferent arterioles, with a diameter of 18 µm in the dog [ 40 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastics in Internal Tissues of Companion Animals from Urban Environments

Prata

Silva

Costa

et al. 2022

Animals

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Companion animals living in urban areas are exposed to environmental contaminants, which may include microplastics. A preliminary study was conducted by collecting postmortem samples from the internal tissue (lungs, ileum, liver, kidney, and blood clots) of 25 dogs (Canis familiaris) and 24 cats (Felis catus) living in an urban environment in Porto metropolitan area, Portugal. Suspected microplastics were found in 80 samples from 35 animals (18 cats and 17 dogs), often occurring in more than one tissue of the same animal (71.4%), primarily under small sizes (50.3% as 1–10 µm). Micro-Raman spectroscopy confirmed a fraction of particles as common polymer types (e.g., polyethylene terephthalate). However, the number of particles was very low. This study highlights the possibilities of the internalization and distribution of microplastics in the internal tissues of terrestrial vertebrates.

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Blood Clearance and Organ Distribution of Intravenously Administered Polystyrene Microspheres of Different Sizes

Cited by 16 publications

References 31 publications

Factors that Control the Circulation Time of Nanoparticles in Blood: Challenges, Solutions and Future Prospects

Factors that Control the Circulation Time of Nanoparticles in Blood: Challenges, Solutions and Future Prospects

Poloxamine-based nanomaterials for drug delivery

Microplastics in Internal Tissues of Companion Animals from Urban Environments

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