Blood Cell Chimerism and Freemartinism in Heterosexual Bovine Quadruplets

Basrur, P.K.; Kosaka, Suezo; Kanagawa, Hiroshi

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a108024

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…However, in the years immediately following this discovery, various cytogeneticists published reports on chromosome abnormalities, mostly involving sex chromosomes, underlining the importance of these types of abnormalities, often responsible for sterility, especially in females [5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome Abnormalities and Fertility in Domestic Bovids: A Review

Iannuzzi

Parma

Iannuzzi

2021

Animals

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After discovering the Robertsonian translocation rob(1;29) in Swedish red cattle and demonstrating its harmful effect on fertility, the cytogenetics applied to domestic animals have been widely expanded in many laboratories in order to find relationships between chromosome abnormalities and their phenotypic effects on animal production. Numerical abnormalities involving autosomes have been rarely reported, as they present abnormal animal phenotypes quickly eliminated by breeders. In contrast, numerical sex chromosome abnormalities and structural chromosome anomalies have been more frequently detected in domestic bovids because they are often not phenotypically visible to breeders. For this reason, these chromosome abnormalities, without a cytogenetic control, escape selection, with subsequent harmful effects on fertility, especially in female carriers. Chromosome abnormalities can also be easily spread through the offspring, especially when using artificial insemination. The advent of chromosome banding and FISH-mapping techniques with specific molecular markers (or chromosome-painting probes) has led to the development of powerful tools for cytogeneticists in their daily work. With these tools, they can identify the chromosomes involved in abnormalities, even when the banding pattern resolution is low (as has been the case in many published papers, especially in the past). Indeed, clinical cytogenetics remains an essential step in the genetic improvement of livestock.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome Abnormalities and Fertility in Domestic Bovids: A Review

Iannuzzi

Parma

Iannuzzi

2021

Animals

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“…En faveur de cette conception, ces auteurs indiquent qu'il y aurait un rapport entre le nombre de cellules mâles présentes chez les freemartins et le degré de masculinisation. En fait, les données recueillies jusqu'à ce jour, sur des freemartins étudiés après la naissance, sont contra dictoires (tableau I): selon certains auteurs, plus il y a de cellules XY dans le sang des freemartins, plus ces animaux, sont modifiés dans le sens masculin (Goodfellow et al, 1965;Herschler et Fechheimer, 1967;Basrur et al, 1970); selon d'autres au contraire, cette relation ne se vérifie pas (ÜHNO et al, 1962;K anagawa et al, 1965b;Herzog, 1969;Marcum, 1970 Nous avons repris l'étude de la question en étudiant cette fois les animaux au moment même où apparaissent les anomalies sexuelles des freemartins, pendant la vie foetale. Les premières anomalies des freemartins ont été analysées dans un travail antérieur (Jost et al, 1972).…”

Section: Vicier Et Al Chimérisme Xx/xy Foetal Et Freemartinismcunclassified

Absence of correlation between XX/XY chimerism in the liver and the first signs of freemartinism in the calf fetus

Vigier

Prepin

Jost

1972

Cytogenet Genome Res

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XX/XY chimerism has been studied in the liver of 22 presumptive freemartin fetuses and in 12 male cotwins of multiple pregnancies, at an age of 39 to 62 days post-insemination. At these stages, the majority of the liver cells are hematopoietic cells. In these fetuses, the degree of chimerism varies from 0% to 55 %. Except for one case, the cells of the host predominate, i.e., the percentage of XY cells in freemartins is less than 50 % and is of the same order of magnitude as the number of XX cells in the male twin. According to several authors, freemartins and their male twins, when studied postnatally, possess the same percentage of XY (or XX) blood cells (variations from 1 % to almost 100%). These data suggest that the degree of chimerism of blood cells might change during development. If this is so, it seems unwarranted to compare chimerism in postnatal freemartins with the sex anomalies which appeared at an early fetal stage. The first signs of freemartinism (inhibition of gonadal growth and regression of the upper part of the Müllerian ducts) appear after day 48. In 15 freemartin fetuses of 49 to 62 days of age, the degree of inhibition of the left ovary and of the upper Müllerian ducts was compared with the percentage of XY cells present in the liver. The degree of inhibition of the ovarian volume and of the diameter of the upper Müllerian ducts was evaluated by reference to regression lines which had been previously calculated for a larger number of freemartins of the same age. There is no correlation between the percentage of XY cells and the degree of inhibition of the ovaries or of the Müllerian ducts.

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“…In such cattle freemartins, the gonads are generally inactive testes, although occasionally a freemartin maintaining the ovarian architecture may be noted (Basrur, Kosaka & Kanagawa, 1970). In intersex pigs, the gonads are often represented by both testicular and ovarian tissues.…”

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confidence: 99%