Blood carbofuran concentrations in suicidal ingestion cases

Ameno, Kiyoshi; Lee, Sang Ki; In, Sangwhan; Yang, Ja-Yeol; Yoo, Young-Chan; Ameno, Setsuko; Kubota, Takako; Kojima, Hiroshi; Ijiri, Iwao

doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(00)00336-4

Cited by 44 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Exposure usually happens during food intake because of carbamate insecticide residuals on food (Barnat et al 2010;Boon et al 2008). Other examples can occur, such as intentional ingestion for suicide purpose (Ameno et al 2001;Barnat et al 2010). Likewise, dermal exposure is also an important exposure route, which is more prevalent in certain groups of people.…”

Section: Absorption Of Carbamatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of novel carbamate insecticides for neurotoxicity to non-target species

Jiang

Swale

Carlier

et al. 2013

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Malaria (vector: Anopheles gambiae) is a major infectious disease that kills about 1 million people each year. For the improvement of its treatment and vector control during the past decades, several issues such as high medicine cost, insecticide resistance, and lack of an effective vaccine have prevented adequate control of malaria. Additionally, the low selectivity of malaria vector insecticides also presents a public health problem. The purpose of developing novel carbamate insecticides in our laboratory is to offer effective and selective insecticide options to achieve the ultimate goal of malaria control.First, 50% inhibition concentration (IC 50 ) data was collected from three mammalian AChEs with eight commercial carbamate insecticides by using the Ellman assay. The IC 50 values varied from 57 nM to 7358 nM. The AChE sensitivity pattern and level were shown to be similar between the recombinant mouse and ICR male mouse brain cortex homogenate (slope = 0.99, R 2 = 0.96).Then eight novel carbamate insecticides that are possible malaria vector control agents were selected for further neurotoxicity testing in non-target organisms. Neurotoxic esterase (NTE) assay showed that the novel carbamates did not significantly inhibit NTE, inhibition of which underlies a significant hazard for anticholinesterases, especially organophosphates, in several nontarget vertebrate organisms. The NTE activity in the presence of novel carbamate insecticides ranged from 93% to 116% of the control, while in the commercial group, bendiocarb significantly inhibited NTE, leaving only 76.5% of the initial reactivity at 1 mM inhibitor concentration.Further in vivo bioassay using Daphnia magna was conducted to compare the aquatic toxicity of commercial and novel carbamates. The data showed that except for PRC331 (3-tertbutylphenylmethylcarbamate), all novel carbamates were of similar potency as bendiocarb (LC 50 = 611 nM) for aquatic toxicity, and their LC 50 values ranged from 172 nM (PRC331) to 1109 nM.In conclusion, the novel carbamate insecticides would appear to be an improvement over commercial carbamate insecticides because of greater selectivity, negligible NTE inhibition capacity, but in some cases with potent in vivo toxicity to Daphnia magna. However, since the envisioned usage of these compounds is in bednets or as indoor residual sprays (IRS), any environmental exposures to nontarget aquatic organisms are expected to be minimal.iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

show abstract

Section: Absorption Of Carbamatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of novel carbamate insecticides for neurotoxicity to non-target species

Jiang

Swale

Carlier

et al. 2013

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A CCD tem sido empregada como método para a detecção do aldicarb com finalidades forenses (Spierenburg et al, 1987;Lee et al, 1999;Ameno et al, 2001;Cazenave et al, 2005), podendo servir como um método qualitativo de triagem ou mesmo como ferramenta diagnóstica nos casos de intoxicação não fatais, quando a confirmação do diagnóstico facilita a escolha do melhor regime terapêutico. Além disso, sabe-se que o estabelecimento definitivo da causa mortis nos casos periciais requer a identificação do agente tóxico em amostras biológicas obtidas do animal intoxicado.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Cromatografia em camada delgada para o diagnóstico da intoxicação por aldicarb ("chumbinho") em cães e gatos

Xavier

Righi

Flório

2007

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMOAvaliou-se a cromatografia em camada delgada (CCD) como método de diagnóstico toxicológico para os casos de intoxicação por aldicarb em cães e gatos, utilizando-se 50 amostras de conteúdo gástrico obtidas durante a necropsia e 50 amostras de alimentos utilizados como iscas para intoxicar criminalmente os animais. Todas as amostras resultaram positivas para o aldicarb, mostrando ser a CCD uma técnica qualitativa eficiente, rápida e de baixo custo, com uso potencial na toxicologia veterinária forense.Palavras-chave: cão, gato, cromatografia em camada delgada, aldicarb, conteúdo gástrico, intoxicação ABSTRACT The present study concerns about the identification of aldicarb residues using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) in 50 samples of gastric content obtained from the necropsy of dogs and cats and

show abstract

“…17,[30][31][32] The identification of these compounds in different matrices as well as their quantification are of interest in the criminal field since the number of human 3,17,[33][34][35][36] 53 or supercritical fluid extraction 54 followed by gas 20,50,[55][56][57][58][59][60] or liquid chromatography. 1,19,48,49,52,53,[61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70] The low volatility and the thermolability of these compounds and the high polarities of the transformation products obviously favor the use of column liquid chromatography (LC) as the separation technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of carbamates in beverages by liquid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning and liquid chromatography

Goulart¹,

Alves²,

Paula³

et al. 2012

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carbamatos são os pesticidas mais frequentemente encontrados em alimentos e bebidas de coloração escura em casos de intoxicação acidental ou intencional. Neste trabalho, extração líquido-líquido com partição em baixa temperatura (LLE-LTP) foi otimizada e validada para determinação dos carbamatos aldicarb, carbofuran e carbaril em bebidas de sucos de uva e leite achocolatado. Este método envolve a extração com acetonitrila, partição líquido-líquido em baixa temperatura e análise por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência com detecção ultravioleta (HPLC-UV). O método é rápido, eficiente e de baixo custo, emprega pequenos volumes de solvente por amostra e não necessita de limpeza dos extratos. O método de extração foi seletivo e apresentou porcentagens de extração acima de 90%. As premissas relacionadas com os testes estatísticos de linearidade foram verificadas e confirmadas. O método de extração e análise foi validado com resultados satisfatórios e pode ser aplicado em análises de rotina e forenses.Carbamates are the pesticides most commonly found in dark colored foods and beverages in cases of accidental or intentional poisoning. In this work, the liquid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning (LLE-LTP) was optimized and validated for determination of the carbamates aldicarb, carbofuran and carbaryl in grape juice and chocolate milk beverages. This method involved extraction with acetonitrile, liquid-liquid partition at low temperature and the analysis by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). The method is rapid, efficient and of low-cost, employing small volumes of solvent per sample and requiring no cleanup of the extracts. The extraction methodology was selective and presented recovery percentages above 90%. The premises related to the statistical linearity tests were checked and confirmed. The method of extraction and analysis was validated with satisfactory results, and may be applied in forensic and routine analysis Keywords: carbamates, low temperature partitioning, high performance liquid chromatography, sample preparation, validation IntroductionCarbamate insecticides are widely used in gardening and agriculture due to their broad spectrum of activity and relatively short environmental persistence. However, they are potentially toxic to humans, particularly in the context of intentional self-poisoning. 1,2 Carbamates are found as commercialized products for agricultural practices and some compounds of this group, with their respective commercial names are: carbaryl (Sevin ® ), aldicarb (Temik ® ) and carbofuran (Furadan ® ). From these, aldicarb stands out as the main target on the list of controlled pesticides of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) due to its elevated toxicity to mammals. 3,4 The maximum residue level (MRL) of aldicarb 5,6 and carbofuran 6 in water is 10 and 7 μg L -1 , respectively. In Goulart et al. 1155 Vol. 23, No. 6, 2012 milk, the MRLs established for aldicarb, 7,8 Exposures may occur accidentally, with ...

show abstract

Blood carbofuran concentrations in suicidal ingestion cases

Cited by 44 publications

References 3 publications

Evaluation of novel carbamate insecticides for neurotoxicity to non-target species

Evaluation of novel carbamate insecticides for neurotoxicity to non-target species

Cromatografia em camada delgada para o diagnóstico da intoxicação por aldicarb ("chumbinho") em cães e gatos

Determination of carbamates in beverages by liquid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning and liquid chromatography

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About