Blockchain-Envisioned UAV Communication Using 6G Networks: Open Issues, Use Cases, and Future Directions

Aggarwal, Shubhani; Kumar, Neeraj; Tanwar, Sudeep

doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3020819

Cited by 108 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…There also needs to be an estimate of the quantity of user-generated data to design a suitable network to transport this traffic. The estimated level of data traffic (Traffic i ) in each local statistical area (km 2 ) is calculated for the given number of smartphone users (SPUsers i ) and the scenario defined capacity target for different urban, suburban or rural settlement patterns (CapacityTarget s ) using (3).…”

Section: A High-resolution Demand Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supportive 5G Infrastructure Policies are Essential for Universal 6G: Assessment Using an Open-Source Techno-Economic Simulation Model Utilizing Remote Sensing

Oughton

Jha²

2021

IEEE Access

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Work has now begun on the sixth generation of cellular technologies ('6G') and cost-efficient global broadband coverage is already becoming a key pillar. Indeed, we are still far from providing universal and affordable broadband connectivity, despite this being a key part of the Sustainable Development Goals (Target 9.c). Currently, both Mobile Network Operators and governments still lack independent analysis of the strategies that can help achieve this target with the cellular technologies available (4G and 5G). Therefore, this paper undertakes a quantitative assessment demonstrating how current 5G policies affect universal broadband, drawing conclusions over how decisions made now affect future evolution to 6G. Using a method based on an open-source techno-economic codebase, combining remote sensing with least-cost network algorithms, performance analytics are provided for different 4G and 5G universal broadband strategies. As an example, the assessment approach is applied to India, the world's second-largest mobile market and a country with very high spectrum prices. The results demonstrate the trade-offs between technological decisions. This includes demonstrating how important current infrastructure policy is, particularly given fiber backhaul will be essential for delivering 6G quality of service. We find that by eliminating the spectrum licensing costs, 100% 5G population coverage can viably be achieved using fiber backhaul. Therefore, supportive infrastructure policies are essential in providing a superior foundation for evolution to future cellular generation, such as 6G.

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Section: A High-resolution Demand Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supportive 5G Infrastructure Policies are Essential for Universal 6G: Assessment Using an Open-Source Techno-Economic Simulation Model Utilizing Remote Sensing

Oughton

Jha²

2021

IEEE Access

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“…THz band antenna research directions for 6G technology are addressed, as well as THz band antenna design, fabrication, and testing. A description of future research prospects for the integration of blockchain and 6G technologies in UAV communications is offered in another work [47]. Then, show a case study of a blockchain-based UAV communication system that uses 6G networks to secure Industry 4.0 applications.…”

Section: Review and Survey Articlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

From 5G to 6G Technology: Meets Energy, Internet-of-Things and Machine Learning: A Survey

Mahdi

Ahmad

Qassim³

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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Due to the rapid development of the fifth-generation (5G) applications, and increased demand for even faster communication networks, we expected to witness the birth of a new 6G technology within the next ten years. Many references suggested that the 6G wireless network standard may arrive around 2030. Therefore, this paper presents a critical analysis of 5G wireless networks’, significant technological limitations and reviews the anticipated challenges of the 6G communication networks. In this work, we have considered the applications of three of the highly demanding domains, namely: energy, Internet-of-Things (IoT) and machine learning. To this end, we present our vision on how the 6G communication networks should look like to support the applications of these domains. This work presents a thorough review of 370 papers on the application of energy, IoT and machine learning in 5G and 6G from three major libraries: Web of Science, ACM Digital Library, and IEEE Explore. The main contribution of this work is to provide a more comprehensive perspective, challenges, requirements, and context for potential work in the 6G communication standard.

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“…The number of examples for the lexibility aspects of promising 6G heterogeneous networks can be increased with particular technologies and concepts such as blockchain systems [26,33] and quantum communications [29] in the future.…”

Section: Ultra-flexible Heterogeneous Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A majority of the current 6G related studies attempt to identify the future applications and their key requirements [1,. Moreover, potential service types and application groups for 6G are analyzed in [1,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][24][25][26][27][28] together with the prospective key requirements of 6G networks. Several works are focused on the key enabler technologies and concepts under 6G studies in detail [1,3] or in general [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

6G vision: An ultra-flexible perspective

Arslan¹,

Doğan-Tusha²,

Yazar³

2020

ITU J-FET

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The upcoming sixth generation (6G) communications systems are expected to support an unprecedented variety of applications, pervading every aspect of human life. It is clearly not possible to fulfill the service requirements without actualizing a plethora of flexible options pertaining to the key enabler technologies themselves. At that point, this work presents an overview of the potential 6G key enablers from the flexibility perspective, categorizes them, and provides a general framework to incorporate them in the future networks. Furthermore, the role of artificial intelligence and integrated sensing and communications as key enablers of the presented framework is also discussed.

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Blockchain-Envisioned UAV Communication Using 6G Networks: Open Issues, Use Cases, and Future Directions

Cited by 108 publications

References 157 publications

Supportive 5G Infrastructure Policies are Essential for Universal 6G: Assessment Using an Open-Source Techno-Economic Simulation Model Utilizing Remote Sensing

Supportive 5G Infrastructure Policies are Essential for Universal 6G: Assessment Using an Open-Source Techno-Economic Simulation Model Utilizing Remote Sensing

From 5G to 6G Technology: Meets Energy, Internet-of-Things and Machine Learning: A Survey

6G vision: An ultra-flexible perspective

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