From 5G to 6G Technology: Meets Energy, Internet-of-Things and Machine Learning: A Survey

Abstract

Due to the rapid development of the fifth-generation (5G) applications, and increased demand for even faster communication networks, we expected to witness the birth of a new 6G technology within the next ten years. Many references suggested that the 6G wireless network standard may arrive around 2030. Therefore, this paper presents a critical analysis of 5G wireless networks’, significant technological limitations and reviews the anticipated challenges of the 6G communication networks. In this work, we have considered the applications of three of the highly demanding domains, namely: energy, Internet-of-Things (IoT) and machine learning. To this end, we present our vision on how the 6G communication networks should look like to support the applications of these domains. This work presents a thorough review of 370 papers on the application of energy, IoT and machine learning in 5G and 6G from three major libraries: Web of Science, ACM Digital Library, and IEEE Explore. The main contribution of this work is to provide a more comprehensive perspective, challenges, requirements, and context for potential work in the 6G communication standard.

6G-Enabled Internet of Things: Vision, Techniques, and Open Issues

“…As a result, energy consumption and efficiency are critical concerns that should be handled immediately. Once different methods are introduced, energy efficiency will improve, and battery-free IoT devices will become a reality [117]. 6G will achieve and outperform a variety of energy-efficient communication standards, including enabling high-energy performance, particularly in the context of massive IoT use [118].…”

Quality of Artificially Intelligently Orchestrated Services in 6g Mobile Networks

“…Here again the energy efficiency is also higher if the service is being used by the edge AI, rather than the AI in the 6G core. Moreover in [30][31][32] it is stated that a basic goal of 6G communication is to operate battery-free whenever and wherever possible, with a target efficiency of 1 pico-joule per bit. And the simulation results given in Figures 8, 9, 10 and 11 nearly achieve this energy efficiency.…”

State-of-the-Art Strategies and Research Challenges in Wireless Communication for Building Smart Systems

“…-Extreme high-definition (EHD) video: With the exceptional increase in demand for video content processing in the Internet, 16K and 32K format of extremely-high-definition videos are going to be realistic due to the lower latency and higher bandwidth technologies of wireless communication networks [63]. -Tactile Internet: With highly reliable, secure and low-latency communication , the real-time service interaction in various sectors such as industry, education, medical, entertainment etc., are going to be supported [55].…”