Bloch Chirality Induced by an Interlayer Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction in Ferromagnetic Multilayers

Superposition of Emergent Monopole and Antimonopole in CoTb Thin Films

“…Nevertheless, the chirality of the middle layer Bloch wall is not protected by the intrinsic symmetry, suggesting another degenerated, right-handed hybrid structure as shown in Fig. 1(b), in which χ = −90 • in the middle layer [32]. In fact, the hybrid 3D domain walls do not only occur in discontinuous multilayers.…”

“…Depending on the exact recipe of the microscopic interactions, a planar system may exhibit Bloch-(χ = ±90 • ) or Néel-type (χ = 0 • , 180 • ) walls, distinguished by the twisting angle χ [24,28]. Recently, it was recognized that in stacked multilayer systems with alternating ferromagnetic/non-ferromagnetic units, E dipolar plays an important role in mediating the 2D domain wall structures within each layer [29][30][31][32]. Consequently, a hybrid 3D domain wall is stabilized, within which each layer can take arbitrary values of χ [29,30,33].…”

“…In order to address the experimental discrepancy, one has to consider rather prudent interpretation of LTEM data. Indeed, LTEM measures the average magnetic signal from all layers along z [31,32,37]. Therefore, for a magnetic thin film sample of finite thickness, the depth-dependent information is lost in the LTEM contrast.…”

Deterministically switching the Bloch chirality of domain walls and skyrmions: the Dzyaloshinskii astroid

“…Further examining existing literature, we propose that the phenomena theorized above could contribute to the preferred Bloch chiralities observed in asymmetric Fe/Gd-and Co/Pd-based multilayers with an established or expected interfacial DMI [24][25][26][27]. Importantly, these observations were made after various out-of-plane field treatments and in the presence of a non-zero B z .…”

Edge-guided heart-shaped skyrmion

“…According to some previous work, it is showed that the interfacial DM interaction caused by oxide layer can be efficiently tuned by voltage [28][29][30], and the direction of DM interaction can even be influenced by strain [35]. Moreover, the hybrid state of Bloch and Neel state skyrmion is gradually acknowledged by some reports [21,[36][37][38]. Based on these, we think the work of the HS skyrmion may contribute to the skyrmion-based device.…”