Bloat in cattle

Abstract

The foaming properties of rumen liquor, bovine salivary mucoprotein, cytoplasmic protein from red clover, and saponins from various pasture legumes have heen examined.Foam strengths of the saponin foams have pH optima, those from red clover and lucerne being between pH 4.5 and 5.0. The presence of calcium in the saponin is necessary for the formation of rigid foams.Foams from red-clover cytoplasmic protein show maximum strens-ths at pH values ranging from 5.4 to 6.0. The foaming properties are markedly dependent on salt concentration.Salivary mucoprotein has greatest foam strength above pH 7.5, but some samples have a secondary peak at pH 6.5.Rumen liquor from cows fed on red clover has a pH optimum for foam strength at pH 5.4 to 5.7 similar to cytoplasmic protein. The particulate matter in rumen liquor has considerable anti-foaming properties.The evidence indicates that cytoplasmic protein is of major importance as a foaming agent in causing bloat in cattle. The implications of these results are discussed with reference to bloat.

Bloat in cattle

“…Wallace also examined a froth fraction taken from foaming rumen contents, analysis of which gave lipid contents ranging from 11.8% to 24.3%. These results, together with those of Mangan (1959), make it seem very likely that the foam in rumen liquor can be influenced by the presence of fatty substance,. ; possessing anti-foaming ability.…”

“…Of these, plant sapunins (Lindahl ct al. 1954;Ferguson and Terry 1955), pectic substances (Head 1959;Pound en and Cunrad 1959), and plant cytoplasmic protein (Mangan 1959) appear to be most likely agents involvecl in the formation of the stable foam in the rumen.…”

“…The level of soluble protein found in rumen liquor is sufficient to form a foam of considerable strength (Mangan 1959). Mangan's ohservations that foams produced from cytoplasmic protein and fr0111 rumen liquor were influenced in similar fashion by variations in pH, lend support to this theory.…”

Research System [IKRS] for Treatment of Bloat and its Significance towards Greenhouse Gas Emission: Jharkhand, India

“…The use of condensed tanins (CT) against gas production (Min et al, 2005) and saponins on protozoa for aiding digestion (Das et al, 2012) testify relevance of these parameters. The foaming of rumen ingesta is an important factor (Colvin et al, 1959) and cytoplasmic protein plays major role as foaming agent in causing bloat in cattle (Mangan, 1959). This is due to the fact of maintaining desired amount at rumen-reticulum in specified period for to overcome foaming (Reid, 1958).…”

Variability in pasture nitrogen fractions and the relationship to bloat

“…Others have indicated that plant N fractions are importantindeterminingbloat (Mangan 1959;Iones & Lyttleton1972).…”