Bloat in cattle

Wright, D. E.

doi:10.1080/00288233.1961.10420367

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

1961

DOI: 10.1080/00288233.1961.10420367

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Bloat in cattle

D. E. Wright¹

Abstract: SummaryRumen micro-organisms can hydrolyse lipids such as olive oil, linseerl oil, tributyrin, monostearin, Tween 80, and trihexanoin at varying rates. The addition of penicillin or terramycin to rumen liquor considerably reduces this lipolytic activity. This suggests that the bacteria rather than other micro-organisms are responsible for most of the lipolysis occurring. These results support the hypothesis that part of the efi'ectiveness of penicillin in controlling bloat may be due to a decrease in bacterial… Show more

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Cited by 29 publications

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Studies on rumen metabolism. II.—in vivo hydrolysis and hydrogenation of lipid

Hawke

Robertson

1964

J Sci Food Agric

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The hydrolysis and hydrogenation of grass and clover lipids and linseed oil have been followed in fistulated twin cows. Mono-and di-glycerides, in addition to fatty acids, were found in the rumen liquor after infusion of linseed oil into the rumen. The proportions of linoleic acid found in rumen liquor 6.5 h. after infusion of linseed oil were above normal, but the proportions of linolenic acid haa returned to about the pre-feeding level in this time. The free fatty acids were more saturated than the unhydrolysed triglycerides, but the proportions of unsaturated fatty acids in the partially hydrolysed glycerides were not greatly different to those of the triglycerides.

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Studies on rumen metabolism. II.—in vivo hydrolysis and hydrogenation of lipid

Hawke

Robertson

1964

J Sci Food Agric

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Studies on rumen metabolism VI. —in vitro hydrolysis of triglyceride and isolation of a lipolytic fraction

Clarke

Hawke

1970

J Sci Food Agric

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Hydrolysis of groundnut oil and synthetic glyceryl tri(~leate-l-~~C) by bovine rumen contents was demonstrated under in vitro conditions. Fractionation by differential centrifugation of total rumen contents obtained from a cow grazing on fresh pasture showed that the organisms responsible for hydrolysis of triglycerides were closely associated with the particulate material in the rumen and homogenisation released much of the lipolytic activity. Cell-free extracts of mixed rumen bacteria were prepared by subjecting mixed rumen bacteria to high frequency sonication or osmotic shock followed by isolation of the released lipolytic enzymes by high-speed centrifugation.A method for assaying lipase activity is described which uses glyceryl tri(oleate-l-l*C) as substrate, and thin-layer chromatography to separate the free fatty acids, mono-, di-and tri-glycerides prior to radiochemical determination. The method was developed using pancreatic lipase and was applied to the isolation of lipases from rumen micro-organisms. IntroductionAlthough early investigations on lipid metabolism in the rumen established the importance of biohydrogenation in changing the composition of the dietary lipids,' it has only recently been realised that no hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids takes place unless the constituent fatty acids of triglycerides are first released in free form by the activity of the lipolytic micro-organisms.2 The relationship between the lipolysis and biohydrogenation of other dietary constituents has not been studied in such detail but from a comparison of the fatty acid composition of neutral and polar lipids and of free fatty acids in the rumen and in the diet it would seem

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Studies on rumen metabolism. VIII. Characteristics of lipases in rumen contents and in rumen bacteria

1974

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Soluble lipases obtained from the rumen contents of pasture-fed cows had pH optima of 7.0 and 8.0 to 8.5, respectively, with tributyrin and triolein as substrates. At these optima the activity towards tributyrin was about 30 times greater than towards triolein.Tributyrin-splitting bacteria were abundant in the rumen of pasture-fed cows but none of the three strains isolated were able to hydrolyse triolein. One of these strains showed a limited capacity to de-esterify galactolipid.

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Bloat in cattle

Cited by 29 publications

References 10 publications

Studies on rumen metabolism. II.—in vivo hydrolysis and hydrogenation of lipid

Studies on rumen metabolism. II.—in vivo hydrolysis and hydrogenation of lipid

Studies on rumen metabolism VI. —in vitro hydrolysis of triglyceride and isolation of a lipolytic fraction

Studies on rumen metabolism. VIII. Characteristics of lipases in rumen contents and in rumen bacteria

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