Blastocystis Colonization Is Associated with Increased Diversity and Altered Gut Bacterial Communities in Healthy Malian Children

Kodio, Aly; Coulibaly, Drissa; Koné, Abdoulaye K.; Konaté, Salimata; Doumbo, Safiatou; Guindo, Abdoulaye; Bittar, Fadi; Gouriet, Frédérique; Raoult, Didier; Thera, Mahamadou Aly; Ranque, Stéphane

doi:10.3390/microorganisms7120649

Cited by 46 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…The phyla Firmicutes , Elusimicrobia , Lentisphaerae , Euryarchaeota and the species of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (family Ruminococcaceae ) and Roseburia sp. (family Lachnospiraceae ) were associated with Blastocystis colonisation [ 80 ]. In terms of Entamoeba spp., a prospective cohort study of clinical enteric infections used qPCR detection to reveal a significantly higher level of Prevotella.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Microbiota Interactions

Kodio

Ranque

2020

Microorganisms

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The nature of the relationship between the communities of microorganisms making up the microbiota in and on a host body has been increasingly explored in recent years. Microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, parasites and fungi, have often long co-evolved with their hosts. In human, the structure and diversity of microbiota vary according to the host’s immunity, diet, environment, age, physiological and metabolic status, medical practices (e.g., antibiotic treatment), climate, season and host genetics. The recent advent of next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies enhanced observational capacities and allowed for a better understanding of the relationship between distinct microorganisms within microbiota. The interaction between the host and their microbiota has become a field of research into microorganisms with therapeutic and preventive interest for public health applications. This review aims at assessing the current knowledge on interactions between prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities. After a brief description of the metagenomic methods used in the studies were analysed, we summarise the findings of available publications describing the interaction between the bacterial communities and protozoa, helminths and fungi, either in vitro, in experimental models, or in humans. Overall, we observed the existence of a beneficial effect in situations where some microorganisms can improve the health status of the host, while the presence of other microorganisms has been associated with pathologies, resulting in an adverse effect on human health.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Microbiota Interactions

Kodio

Ranque

2020

Microorganisms

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“…In this aim, only data obtained by molecular methods were recorded as non-molecular methods such as microscopic observation of fresh feces are known to greatly underestimate the prevalence of the parasite [ 39 , 41 ]. The prevalence of the parasite ranges between 25.6% and 100% depending on the geographical area [ 12 , 13 , 31 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]. By focusing on the neighboring countries of Senegal (West Africa), the prevalence of Blastocystis sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By focusing on the neighboring countries of Senegal (West Africa), the prevalence of Blastocystis sp. was, respectively, 58.2% [ 38 ] and 70% [ 45 ] in two different surveys performed in Côte d’Ivoire and 49.7% in Mali [ 46 ]. Two other field studies showed a prevalence of 49% [ 31 ] and 84% [ 37 ] in Nigeria, while only one small-scale cohort screened in Liberia [ 31 ] indicated a frequency of the parasite of ~70%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Subtype Distribution of Blastocystis sp. in Senegalese School Children

Khaled

Gantois

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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Blastocystis sp. is an enteric protozoan that frequently colonizes humans and many animals. Despite impacting on human health, data on the prevalence and subtype (ST) distribution of Blastocystis sp. remain sparse in Africa. Accordingly, we performed the first multicenter and largest epidemiological survey ever conducted on Blastocystis sp. for this continent. A total of 731 stool samples collected from healthy school children living in 10 villages of the northwestern region of Senegal were tested for the presence of Blastocystis sp. by real-time polymerase chain reaction followed by subtyping of positive samples. Considerable variation in prevalence between villages (51.7 to 100%) was evident with the overall prevalence being 80.4%. Mixed infections were identified in 23% of positive individuals. Among 453 school children with a single infection, ST2 was predominant, followed by ST1, ST3, ST7, ST10, and ST14; this is the first report of ST10 and ST14 in humans. Genetic polymorphisms were evident at the intra-ST level with the identification of numerous ST1 to ST3 genotypes. ST1 showed the greatest intra-ST diversity followed by ST2 and ST3. The prevalence and distribution of STs and genotypes varied among target villages, pointing to several potential infection sources, including human-to-human, zoonotic, and waterborne transmission.

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“…On the contrary, other studies have shown that the presence of Blastocystis in gut microbiota increases the abundance of some groups of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Clostridiaceae, etc.) [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Blastocystis in Patients with Clostridioides difficile Infection

et al. 2020

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Clostridiodes difficile comprises a public-health threat that has been understudied in Colombia. Hypervirulent strains of C. difficile harbor multiple toxins, can be easily spread, and can have their onset of disease within healthcare facilities (HCFO) and the community (CO). Studies have shown that a disrupted microbiota (e.g., dysbiosis) may allow C. difficile infection (CDI). It has been suggested that dysbiosis prevents colonization by the anaerobic eukaryote Blastocystis, possibly due to an increase in luminal oxygen tension. No study has found co-occurrence of CDI and Blastocystis. Therefore, we aimed to determine the frequencies of C. difficile and Blastocystis infection/colonization in 220 diarrheal fecal samples. Molecular detection by PCR for both microorganisms was performed, with descriptive analyses of four variables (CDI detection, determination of C. difficile toxigenic profiles, Blastocystis detection, and patient site of onset). We demonstrate a significant association between the presence of Blastocystis and CDI, with coinfection found in 61 patients, and show a high frequency of CDI among both HCFO and CO groups. Our results of coinfection frequencies could support hypotheses that suggest Blastocystis can adapt to dysbiosis and oxidative stress. Further, the presence of toxigenic C. difficile occurring outside healthcare facilities shown here raises the alarm for community wide spread.

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Blastocystis Colonization Is Associated with Increased Diversity and Altered Gut Bacterial Communities in Healthy Malian Children

Cited by 46 publications

References 45 publications

Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Microbiota Interactions

Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Microbiota Interactions

Prevalence and Subtype Distribution of Blastocystis sp. in Senegalese School Children

Occurrence of Blastocystis in Patients with Clostridioides difficile Infection

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