Blastocladiomycota

Powell, Martha J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32669-6_17-1

Cited by 2 publications

References 105 publications

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Kinetid Structure of Aphelidium and Paraphelidium (Aphelida) Suggests the Features of the Common Ancestor of Fungi and Opisthosporidia

Karpov

Cvetkova

Annenkova

et al. 2019

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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The aphelids (phylum Aphelida) are phagotrophic parasitoids of algae and represent the most basal branch in superphylum Opisthosporidia, which contains the Microsporidia, Rozellosporidia and Aphelida. Being the closest group to traditional fungi, the aphelids should have ancestral features of both phyla. As in chytrids and other zoosporic fungi, the structure of zoospores is the most informative and important morphological feature for the phylogeny and taxonomy of aphelids. Though a general zoospore description exists for some aphelid species, their flagellar apparatus (kinetid) structure, which contains pivotal taxonomic and phylogenetic characters, has not been studied. Here we represent the kinetid structure in two genera, Aphelidium and Paraphelidium, and demonstrate independent reduction in the kinetid in each genus. The kinetid‐mitochondrion connection found in Aphelidium and Paraphelidium is rare for opisthokonts in general, but present in the most basal branches of Fungi and Opisthosporidia. We suggest, therefore, that this connection represents an ancestral character for both these phyla.

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Kinetid Structure of Aphelidium and Paraphelidium (Aphelida) Suggests the Features of the Common Ancestor of Fungi and Opisthosporidia

Karpov

Cvetkova

Annenkova

et al. 2019

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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Diversity and ecology of fungi in the sediments and surface water of brackish and salt marshes

Thompson,

Pfirrmann,

Strosnider

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Fungi are key drivers of biogeochemical processes, yet marine fungi remain understudied. While various regions of fungal ribosomal RNA have been targeted to study fungal diversity, the ITS region has been the most prevalent region in the literature since 2012. However, ITS metabarcoding has limitations in marine environments, partly due to database biases. We conducted a metabarcoding survey targeting the small and large subunit rRNA genes and the internal transcribed spacer region of fungi (18S, 28S, and ITS2) in the sediment and surface water of salt and brackish marshes in South Carolina, USA. The 28S primer set (LR0R and LF402) excelled at identifying early diverging fungal lineages, including Chytridiomycota, Mucoromycota, Zoopagomycota, and Blastocladiomycota; however, only the ITS2 primer set amplified Cryptomycota and Olpidiomycota. The universal 18S/16S primer set (515F-Y and 926R) identified few fungal taxa because most reads were prokaryotic. The results based on 28S rRNA amplicons revealed that Dikarya fungi dominated salt marshes, whereas early diverging fungi dominated brackish marshes, suggesting Dikarya are more salt-tolerant. Over half of the fungal OTUs identified by the 28S primer set were from early diverging lineages. A FUNGuild analysis found that saprotrophic fungi are the function of most lineages, but in the brackish marsh, saprotrophic fungi from Zoopagomycota, Blastocladiomycota, and Chytridiomycota were more prevalent. Differential abundance analysis revealed that early diverging fungi were key drivers of community composition between the various marsh types. This study advances our understanding of marine fungal diversity by identifying early diverging lineages that were previously overlooked in marine environments. Our study highlights the vast, unexplored fungal diversity in marine environments.

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Blastocladiomycota

Cited by 2 publications

References 105 publications

Kinetid Structure of Aphelidium and Paraphelidium (Aphelida) Suggests the Features of the Common Ancestor of Fungi and Opisthosporidia

Kinetid Structure of Aphelidium and Paraphelidium (Aphelida) Suggests the Features of the Common Ancestor of Fungi and Opisthosporidia

Diversity and ecology of fungi in the sediments and surface water of brackish and salt marshes

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