Bladder management of patients with spinal cord injuries sustained in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake

Abstract

This study's aim is provide an overview of the patients who suffered spinal cord injury (SCI) after the magnitude 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, including each patient's demographic and epidemiological characteristics, bladder management status, and quality of life (QOL). We also assessed the relationships between bladder management methods, symptomatic urinary tract infection (SUTI), and QOL. Two years after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, a cross‐sectional face‐to‐face survey was conducted on 180 patients with SCI. A self‐administered questionnaire and the WHOQOL‐BREF assessment were used to assess injury‐related information, bladder management methods, and SUTI. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi‐square test and analysis of variance. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. This study found that a male‐to‐female ratio of approximately 1.2:1, including 98 (54.4%) male patients and 82 (45.6%) female patients. Thoracic‐level injuries were seen in 82 patients (45.56%), 60 (33.33%) patients had lumbar‐level injuries, 18 (8.33%) patients had thoracolumbar‐level injuries, and a small number of patients had cervical‐ or sacral‐level injuries. Sixty‐two patients (34.44%) demonstrated normal voiding, 65 (36.11%) required manually assisted voiding, 29 (16.11%) required catheterization, and 24 (13.33%) used aurine‐collecting apparatus. The prevalence of SUTI was 43.89%. Patients who emptied their bladder via manually assisted voiding, catheterization, or with the use of a urine‐collecting apparatus demonstrated higher rates of SUTI compared with patients who voided normally (p < 0.05); the patients who required catheterization had higher rates of SUTI compared with patients who required manually assisted voiding (p < 0.05). When manually assisted voiding and catheterization were compared with the use a urine‐collecting apparatus, no statistically significant differences were observed in terms of the risk of developing SUTI. The patients in this study demonstrated low scores on the WHOQOL‐BREF physical domain (11.61 ± 3.80), psychological domain (10.11 ± 3.63), social domain (11.46 ± 2.84), and environmental domain (11.86 ± 2.51). The patients who reported normal voiding also demonstrated the best QOL in terms of physical, psychological, and social component scores (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the percentage of women in this study is higher than that reported in other studies on traumatic causes of SCI. Patients who suffered SCI following the Wenchuan earthquake demonstrate poor bladder management status and are unable to take advantage of urodynamic testing that is used to monitor the functional state of the bladder. This study's findings indicate that bladder management methods influence the rate of SUTI and the QOL of patients with SCI. Caring for SCI patients following a disaster requires comprehensive long‐term planning. Bladder management of patients with SCI is essential for improving the QOL of these patients.

Environmental barriers, functioning and quality of life in 2008 Wenchuan earthquake victims with spinal cord injury eight years after the disaster: A cross-sectional study

“…An analysis of 35 cases of Wenchuan earthquake survivors with SCI by Liu and colleagues (4) found a similar pattern, with the most frequent aetiology being hit by falling debris from building collapse, followed by falls from a height. Thoracic-level injuries were most common in a study of 180 cases of SCI resulting from the Wenchuan earthquake conducted by Luo et al (5), while cervical injuries were found in only approximately 8%; a majority of victims had American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) grade C lesions and approximately 23% were classified as grade A.…”

“…Previous studies on Wenchuan earthquake survivors with SCI have focused on medical complications, pain, quality of life (QoL), functional status, and social participation (5)(6)(7)(8).…”

The treatment of neurogenic bladder dysfunction in patients with spinal cord injury

“…[1][2][3] Povrede kičmene moždine i posledična disfunkcija mokraćne bešike u mnogome utiču na kvalitet života ovih pacijenata, kao i na njihov mentalni status u smislu depresivnog ispoljavanja. 4,5 U poboljšanju kvaliteta života ovih pacijenata zikalna terapija zauzima veoma važno mesto, kao jedna od najsvrsishodnijih vrsta terapije. Ovaj rad ima za cilj da to i pokaže.…”

Qualidade de vida de pacientes e de cuidadores de pacientes com bexiga neurogênica em uso do cateterismo urinário intermitente

“…Com referência ao estudo realizado no sul do Brasil, os dados obtidos de participantes com doenças crônicas apresentaram todos os escores dos domínios de QV menores quando comparados à população em geral (CRUZ et al, 2011). No que diz respeito ao estudo da QV de usuários do cateterismo urinário, outros pesquisadores encontraram dados semelhantes a esse estudo tanto nos menores escores medidos pela WHOQOL-bref (The WHOQOL Group, 1996), como nos maiores escores psicológico (BAMPI; GHILHEM; LIMA, 2008;GIROTTI et al, 2011;PEREIRA, 2012;LUO et al, 2012;SZYMANSKI et al, 2016 (The WHOQOL, 1996). Atender as necessidades humanas básicas no processo saúde-doença, com a garantia de uma melhor QV, é um desafio aos profissionais de saúde.…”

“…................................................................................ 44 Quadro 4 (ANDRADE et al, 2009;CUNHA et al, 2013;SILVA et al, 2015;ANDRADES;FERNANDES, 2016 (OH et al, 2005;PANNEK;KULLIK, 2009;PEREIRA, 2012;AKKOÇ et al, 2013;CHARTIER-KLASTER et al, 2013;CASTEL-LACANAL, 2013;COSTA, 2013). Já em relação aos cuidadores , algumas pesquisas são destinadas ao papel da mulher como mãe cuidadora e pouco retratam a temática (BORZYSKOWSKI et al, 2004;LOPES et al, 2011 LIMA, 2008;CDC, 2009;GIROTTI et al, 2011;PEREIRA, 2012;LUO et al, 2012;VAHR et al, 2013;SZYMANSKI et al, 2016).…”