Black Radicalization and the Funding of Civil Rights: 1957-1970

Taking the Fight to Them: Neighborhood Human Rights Organizations and Domestic Protest

“…13 The role of international and domestic civil society organizations, both with and without a human rights focus, in mobilizing domestic non-violent protest is also well established in the protest literature on the United States. For example, Heaney and Rojas surveyed 5,410 demonstrators in anti-war protests in the United States and found that the majority of protesters were connected to at least one international or 9 Andrews and Biggs 2006;Haines 1984. 10 Kriesi 1996.…”

Beyond Corporate Reputation: Managing Reputational Interdependence

“…That is, they fi nd that when the market reacts positively to the focal fi rm ' s layoff announcement, then the spillover to other fi rms is also positive, and vice versaa negative focal response leads to a negative spillover. The notion of a bi-directional contagion effect fi ts with the broader social movements literature on ' radical fl ank effects ' ( Haines, 1984 ) which can have both negative and positive outcomes ( Gupta, 2002 ). The effects of more radical organizations in a social movement can have a negative effect on moderate groups by creating a comparison affect and a backlash among opposing groups.…”

The state’s mishandling of immigration to Sweden – how bodies controlling the state frame the problem

“…In this regard, Moi [35] notes that without an understanding of the habitus in a given field, and of the unspoken rules governing what can legitimately be said or perceived within the field, certain discourses risk being excluded as nonsense. As was noted in Haines [26] study, being defined out may also be associated with one's relative position and acceptability in the field, where the recognition and legitimacy of those framing moderate criticisms may be strengthened by the presence of more radical criticism.…”

“…Since positive reform legitimizes the prevailing order, he argues that in order to enable long-term goals the reforms should be of the negative kind [34]. Related to different positions in the field, Haines [26] develops an understanding of relations between organisations with moderate and with more radical claims. When moderate claims by social movements are contested by more radical claims, the moderate demands can be redefined and treated as more reasonable.…”

“…This paper contributes to furthering our understanding of how the framing strategies adopted by control bodies reflect their positionality within the field and of how legitimacy within the field is negotiated, and the relevance of the findings therefore extends beyond the Swedish case. The paper's findings may also be generalized beyond control of the state and the field of asylum seeking, since they link into scholarship on how NGOs and social movements negotiate the balance between making radical criticism or moderate claims and on the ways in which this shapes how issues are framed and how these organisations positions themselves in their respective fields (see [17,18,26,32]). …”