Black-Hole Universe: Time Evolution

Yoo, Chul Moon; Okawa, Hirotada; Nakao, Ken Ichi

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.111.161102

Cited by 62 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…At any given cosmic time, 'Hubble length' can be considered as the gravitational or electromagnetic interaction range. If one is willing to think in this direction, by increasing the number of applications of Hubble mass and Hubble volume in other areas of fundamental physics like quantum physics, nuclear physics, atomic physics and particle physics [7]- [14] slowly and gradually -in a progressive way, concepts of 'Black hole Cosmology' can be strengthened and can also be confirmed [36]- [41], [95]- [103]. The most interesting thing is that, at any given cosmic time, if the universe is a primordial growing black hole, then certainly its 'Schwarzschild radius' can be considered as its characteristic minimum size at that time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black hole Cosmos and the Micro Cosmos

Uv¹,

Lakshminarayana

2013

International Journal of Advanced Astronomy

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Point of 'big bang' can be considered as the center or characteristic reference point of cosmic expansion in all directions. If so, the existence of 'preferred direction' in the universe may not be wrong. Based on the Mach's principle, it can be suggested that, within the 'Hubble volume' overall distribution of 'Hubble mass' will explain the observed physical phenomena. With the discovered applications it is very clear to say that, without a joint and unified study of cosmology and atomic & particle physics, one should not deny the concepts of black hole cosmology. The most interesting thing is that, at any given cosmic time, if the universe is a primordial growing black hole, then certainly its 'Schwarzschild radius' can be considered as its characteristic minimum size at that time. Clearly speaking, "forever rotating at light speed, high temperature and high angular velocity small sized primordial cosmic black hole gradually transforms into a low temperature and low angular velocity large sized massive primordial cosmic black hole". Independent of the redshift observations and considering the proposed relations, with a great confidence now one can start seeing/observing the universe as a primordial expanding and light speed rotating black hole. Based on the proposed relations and concepts of black hole cosmology, definitions of cosmic homogeneity and cosmic isotropy must be readdressed. It is also clear that, now the black hole universe is expanding in a decelerating mode at a very small rate in such a way that with current technology one cannot measure its deceleration rate. Finally it can be suggested that cosmic acceleration and dark energy can be considered as pure mathematical concepts and there exists no physical base behind their affirmation. For the most serious cosmologists this may be bitter news, but it is a fact. Authors hope that, by 2015 definitely this subject will come into main stream physics. With reference to Black hole cosmology, it can be suggested that, characteristic nuclear charge radius and the characteristic angular momentum of the revolving electron increase with cosmic time. In addition, characteristic nuclear charge radius is more fundamental than the reduced Planck's constant. The key point to be noted is that the Planck's constant can be considered as a cosmological constant.Keywords: Mach's principle, hubble length, hubble volume, hubble mass, black hole cosmology, cmbr wavelength, nuclear radius, rms radius of proton, planck's constant, reduced planck's constant, fine structure ratio and avogadro number.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black hole Cosmos and the Micro Cosmos

Uv¹,

Lakshminarayana

2013

International Journal of Advanced Astronomy

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“…Such models were originally proposed by Raj Pathria [11], I. J. Good [12], Nikodem Popławski [13], Tinaxi Zhang [14], Joel Smoller, Blake Temple [15] and Chul-Moon Yoo [16]. Any such model requires that the Hubble radius of the observable universe is equal to its Schwarzschild radius, that is, the product of its mass and the Schwarzschild proportionality constant.…”

Section: Black Hole Cosmology or Schwarzschild Cosmologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Light speed rotating Black Holes: The special holes

Uv¹

2013

International Journal of Advanced Astronomy

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Astronomers believe that black holes that are as large as a billion solar masses can be found at the centre of most galaxies. Here the fundamental questions to be answered are: If the galactic central black hole mass is 10 billion solar masses and density is less than 1 kg/m 3 -with such a small density and large mass, without collapsing -how it is able to hold a gigantic galaxy? What force makes the black hole stable? Recent observations indicate that, instead of collapsing, galactic central black holes are growing faster and spinning faster than they expected. From this it can be suggested that, in the universe -'black hole geometry' is most important than its mass and density. In this regard, considering the classical force and power limits an attempt is made to understand the black hole geometry, radius, angular velocity and temperature. If one is willing to consider the 'black hole geometry' as primordial, if universe constitutes so many galaxies, if each galaxy constitutes a central fast growing and fast spinning black hole and if black hole's growth accelerates with its increasing mass, then considering universe as a 'growing and light speed rotating primordial black hole' may not be far away from reality. May be the vastness of the universe making our observations limited and forcing us to believe that -universe is flat. Thinking in this way and with reference to the Planck scale an attempt is made to fit the present Hubble's constant and its obtained value is 66.895 (km/sec)/Mpc. It can be compared with the recently recommended value (67.80 ± 0.77) (km/sec)/Mpc

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“…We use the same gauge condition as in Ref. [2]. The grid spacing is uni-grid with Cartesian coordinates.…”

Section: Time Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Black hole systems with the same boundary condition is studied in Refs. [1][2][3]. In practice, we simulate the only octant region of the cubic box imposing reflecting boundary condition on each boundary surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravitational Collapse of Massless Fields in an Expanding Universe

Yoo

2018

EPJ Web Conf.

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Abstract. Gravitational collapse of a massless scalar field with the periodic boundary condition in a cubic box is reported. This system can be regarded as a lattice universe model. The initial data is constructed for a Gaussian like profile of the scalar field taking the integrability condition associated with the periodic boundary condition into account. For a large initial amplitude, a black hole is formed after a certain period of time. While the scalar field spreads out in the whole region for a small initial amplitude. The difference of the late time expansion law of the lattice universe depending on the final fate of the gravitational collapse is discussed.

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Black-Hole Universe: Time Evolution

Cited by 62 publications

References 25 publications

Black hole Cosmos and the Micro Cosmos

Black hole Cosmos and the Micro Cosmos

Light speed rotating Black Holes: The special holes

Gravitational Collapse of Massless Fields in an Expanding Universe

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