Black cohosh (<i>Actaea racemosa</i>) for the mitigation of menopausal symptoms: recent developments in clinical safety and efficacy

Mahady, Gail B.; Doyle, Brian J.; Locklear, Tracie; Cotler, Scott J.; Guzman-Hartman, Grace; Krishnaraj, Rajabather

doi:10.2217/17455057.2.5.773

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Understanding the onset of this transition, as well as the development of new therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of menopause has become increasingly important due to concerns regarding the safety of HT, particularly in light of 21st century age demographics 9,10. In the United States, herbal extracts are commonly used Hispanic women to manage their menopausal symptoms, and their use of HT is low, although readily available 13,19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, despite the evidence supporting the efficacy of hormone therapy for the treatment of menopause, many women have opted to discontinue or refuse to use HT due to the fear of malignancy, adverse events such as vaginal bleeding, weight gain, and depression 8. As a consequence, many women are searching for safer alternative treatments to manage their menopausal symptoms 9,10…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Estrogenic effects of herbal medicines from Costa Rica used for the management of menopausal symptoms

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective-Outcomes from the Women's Health Initiative have demonstrated adverse effects associated with hormone therapy (HT), and have prioritized the need to develop new alternative treatments for the management of menopause and osteoporosis. To this end, we have been investigating natural herbal medicines used by Costa Rican women to manage menopausal symptoms.Design-Seventeen plant species were collected and extracted in Costa Rica. To establish possible mechanisms of action, and determine their potential future use for menopause or osteoporosis, the estrogenic activities of the herbal extracts were investigated in an estrogen reporter gene ERβ-CALUX® assay in U2-OS cells, and in reporter and endogenous gene assays in MCF-7 cells.Results-Six of the plant extracts bound to the estrogen receptors. Four of the six extracts stimulated reporter gene expression in the ERβ-CALUX® assay. All six extracts modulated expression of endogenous genes in MCF-7 cells, with four extracts acting as estrogen agonists and two extracts, Pimenta dioica and Smilax domingensis, acting as partial agonist/antagonists by enhancing E2-stimulated pS2 mRNA expression, but reducing E2-stimulated PR and PTGES mRNA expression. Both P. dioica and S. domingensis induced a 2ERE-luciferase reporter gene in transient transfected MCF-7 cells, which was inhibited by the ER antagonist ICI 182780.Conclusions-This work presents a plausible mechanism of action for many of the herbal medicines used by Costa Rican women to treat menopausal symptoms. However, it further suggests that studies of safety and efficacy are needed before these herbs should be used as alternative therapies to HT.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogenic effects of herbal medicines from Costa Rica used for the management of menopausal symptoms

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It has been projected that by the year 2025 the number of people over the age of 65 years of age will be around 800 million (10% of the total population), of which 60% will be women [2]. By the year 2030 it is estimated that there will be more than 60 million postmenopausal women in the U.S. and 1.2 billion postmenopausal women worldwide [1,[3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introduction the Global Impact Of Menopausementioning

confidence: 99%

Menopause, A Universal Female Experience: Lessons from Mexico and Central America

Mahady

Locklear

Doyle

et al. 2008

CWHR

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In Mexico and Central America, women typically experience menopause up to 10 years earlier than their U.S. counterparts. This may be due in part to numerous pregnancies, long periods of lactation, poor nutrition, extreme environment, and the heavy workload of the Maya women. Unlike Western culture, there is no stigma associated with aging and the menopausal period in the Mayan culture. In fact, menopause is considered to be a welcome natural phenomenon in Central America that all Maya women, who come of age, will experience. Anxiety, negative attitudes, health concerns and stress for the Maya woman are all events that are commonly associated with pregnancy and childbearing, not with menopause. Maya women perceive the menopausal period very positively, as they are no longer burdened with menstrual bleeding and child bearing, and are more relaxed about sexual activities.Thus, compared with their U.S. counterparts, Maya women have a better overall perceptions and attitudes toward the menopausal transition, have symptoms that appear to be short-lived, do not generally use HRT and appear to have a lower prevalence of osteoporosis. Besides genetics, diet and life-style may play a significant role in the overall impact of menopause in these women, as their diet is primarily plant-based, they get plenty of exercise over a lifetime, and they use primarily plant-based medicines and massage to control menopausal symptoms. Thus, the impact of culture and attitude on the menopausal transition in Mexico and Central America appears to be a positive one. Future research should focus on why the prevalence of osteoporosis is low in Maya women and how women in the U.S. might benefit from this information. In addition, collections of data on cognition, as well as cardiovascular and cancer risk between these groups would be of benefit, considering that Maya women do not generally use HRT.

show abstract

“…Many females actively looking for alternative menopausal medications such as herbal nutritional supplements in attempting for reliefng the weakness, depression anxiety, extreme fatigue, joint pain and insomnia 5 . Herbal plants are an important source of herbal care and often form the basis of indigenous or traditional healing systems, which are still commonly used by the majority of populations in many countries 6,7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammogenesis Effect of Hot Aqueous Extract of Mentha spicata Leaves on Mammary Tissue of Ovariectimized Rabbits

Al-Bazii¹,

Obeid²,

Hameed³

2021

MLU

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Plants are highly rich in phytochemicals being used to treat various conditions, and a rich source of polyphenols is Spearmint (Mentha spicata L). Such polyphenols have demonstrated multiple bioactivities. This study aims to investigate the effects of the intake of hot-aqueous extracts of spearmint leaves on mammary gland development and growth Method: Thirty six female rabbits were divided into two main groups (18 rabbits/group): (virgin and lactating). Each group was further subdivided into three subgroups (Control, Ovariectomized (OVX) and Spearmint, (6 rabbits/group).All three groups tissues were examined for histological, histochemical and biochemical enzymatic analysis.Result: Spearmint-treated ovariectimized virgin animals demonstrated an increase in the size of lobules that affected the alveolar bud. In the ovariectimized lactating group treated with spearmint, it was shown that the lobules were enlarged and produced more branching alveoli. The stain (PAS) and ALP showed positive reaction in the spearmint group treated with lactation. Conclusion:The hot methanol extract of the spearmint Mentha spicata leaves have a beneficial effect on mammary gland growth and development.

show abstract

Black cohosh (Actaea racemosa) for the mitigation of menopausal symptoms: recent developments in clinical safety and efficacy

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Estrogenic effects of herbal medicines from Costa Rica used for the management of menopausal symptoms

Estrogenic effects of herbal medicines from Costa Rica used for the management of menopausal symptoms

Menopause, A Universal Female Experience: Lessons from Mexico and Central America

Mammogenesis Effect of Hot Aqueous Extract of Mentha spicata Leaves on Mammary Tissue of Ovariectimized Rabbits

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About