Untitled

Synthesis of substituted phthalocyanines

“…These nitriles can then be easily converted into the appropriate transition-metal phthalocyanines, some of which show typical phthalocyanine discotic liquid crystal properties (Scheme 42). C 2 R O R = n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-dodecyl, 2-ethylhexyl, CF 3 (CF 2 ) 8 N-Unsubstituted phthalocyanine tetra-and octacarboximides can be prepared by the direct cyclotetramerization reaction between the appropriate anhydrides and transition-metal salts (Scheme 39), 163,167 or by partial hydrolysis of peripheral cyano substituents. 157d,168 N-Substituted imides of 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octacarboxyphthalocyanines can be prepared using two major strategies (Scheme 43).…”

Effect of pH on Acid-Base and Photophysicochemical Properties of 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-Octacarboxyphthalocyanines in Aqueous Media

“…The [22] and DPBF as the singlet oxygen trap. DPBF is insoluble in water, but it is readily solubilized in aqueous solution of Cremophor EL.…”

“…Since F D value for ZnPc oc octaanion was reported previously (0.57), [22] this form was used as a standard for F D of ZnPc oc acid and tetraanion determination. No photobleaching of the complexes was observed during determination of the singlet oxygen quantum yields, since these processes occur much slower than singlet oxygen production.…”

Synthesis of 4,5-Dicyanophthalic Acid and Its Functional Derivatives

“…For example, OCPcAl and OCPcZn sodium salts were used as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy. [15,16] OCPcCo sodium salt under the trade name Theraphthal ® is currently under clinical trials for the catalytic cancer therapy. [1,17,18] Sodium salts of OCPcCo and OCPcZn are also studied as sensitizers for sonodynamic cancer therapy.…”