Bismuth oxide: a versatile high-capacity electrode material for rechargeable aqueous metal-ion batteries

159

114

The inherent short‐term transience of solar and wind sources cause significant challenges for the electricity grid. Energy storage systems that can simultaneously provide high power, long cycle life, and high energy efficiency are required to accommodate the fast‐changing output fluctuations. Here, an ultrafast aqueous K‐ion battery based on the potassium‐rich mesoporous nickel ferrocyanide (II) (K2NiFe(CN)6·1.2H2O) is developed. This battery achieves an unprecedented rate capability up to 500 C (8214 W kg−1), which only takes 4.1 s for one charge or discharge. The open‐framework structure of K2NiFe(CN)6·1.2H2O with small volume variation supports the capacity retention of 98.6% after 5000 cycles, and a superior round‐trip energy efficiency of 95.6% at a 5 C rate. Beyond monovalent ion storage, K2NiFe(CN)6·1.2H2O can also function as a versatile high‐rate cathode for divalent‐ion batteries (Mg2+), trivalent‐ion batteries (Al3+), and hybrid full‐cells applications. These properties represent a significant step forward in the exploitation of ultrafast metal ions storage, and accelerate the development of intermittent grid‐scale energy storage technologies.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast Aqueous Potassium‐Ion Batteries Cathode for Stable Intermittent Grid‐Scale Energy Storage

Ren

Chen

Zhao

2018

159

114

“…However, safety and superfast charging performance are still two challenging issues to be solved for their application in large-scale energy storage systems. [188] A remarkably high specific capacity (≈357 mA h g −1 at 250 mA g −1 ), outstanding rate capability (≈41 mA h g −1 at 7.5 A g −1 ) and good cycle life were demonstrated in a neutral mixed aqueous electrolyte (1.0 m LiCl and 0.5 m Li 2 SO 4 ). So far, some reviews/papers were published with the scope on aqueous rechargeable lithium batteries.…”

Section: Aqueous Rechargeable Lithium Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Hierarchical Structures Based on Two‐Dimensional Nanomaterials for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries

Cong

Xie

2017

226

125

Two‐dimensional (2D) nanomaterials (i.e., graphene and its derivatives, transition metal oxides and transition metal dichalcogenides) are receiving a lot attention in energy storage application because of their unprecedented properties and great diversities. However, their re‐stacking or aggregation during the electrode fabrication process has greatly hindered their further developments and applications in rechargeable lithium batteries. Recently, rationally designed hierarchical structures based on 2D nanomaterials have emerged as promising candidates in rechargeable lithium battery applications. Numerous synthetic strategies have been developed to obtain hierarchical structures and high‐performance energy storage devices based on these hierarchical structure have been realized. This review summarizes the synthesis and characteristics of three styles of hierarchical architecture, namely three‐dimensional (3D) porous network nanostructures, hollow nanostructures and self‐supported nanoarrays, presents the representative applications of hierarchical structured nanomaterials as functional materials for lithium ion batteries, lithium‐sulfur batteries and lithium‐oxygen batteries, meanwhile sheds light particularly on the relationship between structure engineering and improved electrochemical performance; and provides the existing challenges and the perspectives for this fast emerging field.

“…[24,40,122,[147][148][149][150][151][152] Contrary to the conventional LIBs in which the focus of anode materials is on low-voltage conversion-based materials, [153] the promising candidates for the ARLB anodes are intercalation materials. [24,40,122,[147][148][149][150][151][152] Contrary to the conventional LIBs in which the focus of anode materials is on low-voltage conversion-based materials, [153] the promising candidates for the ARLB anodes are intercalation materials.…”

Section: Anode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Energy Aqueous Lithium Batteries

Eftekhari¹

2018

152

research, aqueous electrolytes were occasionally employed for the investigation of cathode materials instead of the conventional nonaqueous electrolytes. [9,10] It was discussed that the simplicity of an aqueous electrolyte provides a better opportunity for the fundamental studies of the process of intercalation/deintercalation of Li-ions as opposed to the nonaqueous electrolytes. For instance, although the formation of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is of utmost importance for the cyclability of LIB, the significant role of the electrolyte does not allow to exclusively study the electrochemical behavior of the electrode material under consideration. The current research has specifically targeted the development of ARLBs, but in practice, most of the recent papers have followed the same line of research in investigating a limited range of cathode and anode materials in the same aqueous electrolytes. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] A possible reason is that the key advantage of ARLBs was low cost, and thus, the focus was limited to a few inexpensive materials (e.g., lithium salts). Aqueous electrolytes are definitely excellent choices for the fundamental studies of electrode materials, but the practical development of ARLBs needs overcoming the key obstacles rather than finding more cathode materials.In any case, aqueous electrolytes were occasionally used during the 2000s by various research groups, but there was no vivid plan for the development of ARLBs. These works have been extensively reviewed before, [29][30][31][32][33] and it is not aimed to repeat the general works on aqueous electrolytes here. During the recent years, new opportunities have been introduced, which can extend the stable potential window of aqueous electrolyte to the range of 3-4 V. Upon this advancement, aqueous electrolytes can fairly compete with the conventional nonaqueous electrolytes for the fabrication of cheaper and safer LIBs. On the other hand, novel designs such as self-healing [34] or flexible [16,35,36] ARLBs have paved the path for new practical potentials of aqueous electrolytes. The present paper specifically focuses on the recent advancements and attempts to foster the strategy of research to shed light on the pathway of this emerging area of research. Two factors are directly responsible for achieving a high energy density, the specific capacity, and the cell voltage. Since the former is not massively controlled by the electrolyte and the specific capacity of most electroactive Owing to the high voltage of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the dominating electrolyte is non-aqueous. The idea of an aqueous rechargeable lithium battery (ARLB) dates back to 1994, but it had attracted little attention due to the narrow stable potential window of aqueous electrolytes, which results in low energy density. However, aqueous electrolytes were employed during the 2000s for the fundamental studies of electrode materials in the absence of side reactions such as the decomposition of organic spec...