Birth Weight, Postnatal Weight Change, and Risk for High Blood Pressure Among Chinese Children

Bowers, Katherine; Liu, Gongshu; Wang, Ping; Ye, Tao; Tian, Zhen; Liu, Enqing; Yu, Zhijie; Yang, Xilin; Klebanoff, Mark A.; Yeung, Edwina; Hu, Gang; Zhang, Cuilin

doi:10.1542/peds.2010-2213

Cited by 62 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Larger size at birth, typically assessed by birthweight, 6 and faster weight gain during the first two postnatal years are consistently associated with obesity in childhood and adulthood, 6, 7 with some 8, 9 investigations also showing relationships with higher BP. Yet, several issues remain to be clarified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Weight Gain, Linear Growth, and Mid-Childhood Blood Pressure

et al. 2016

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In recent years, the prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension increased markedly among children and adolescents, highlighting the importance of identifying determinants of elevated blood pressure early in life. Low birthweight and rapid early childhood weight gain are associated with higher future blood pressure. However, few studies have examined the timing of postnatal weight gain in relation to later blood pressure, and little is known regarding the contribution of linear growth. We studied 957 participants in Project Viva, an ongoing U.S. pre-birth cohort. We examined the relations of gains in body mass index z-score and length/height z-score during four early life age intervals (birth–6mo, 6mo–1y, 1–2y, and 2–3y) with blood pressure during mid-childhood (6–10y), and evaluated whether these relations differed by birth size. After accounting for confounders, each additional z-score gain in body mass index during birth–6mo and 2–3y was associated with 0.81 (0.15, 1.46) and 1.61 (0.33, 2.89) mmHg higher systolic blood pressure, respectively. Length/height gain was unrelated to mid-childhood blood pressure, and there was no evidence of effect modification by birth size for body mass index or length/height z-score gain. Our findings suggest that more rapid gain in body mass index during the first 6 postnatal months and in the preschool years may lead to higher systolic blood pressure in mid-childhood, regardless of size at birth. Strategies to reduce accrual of excess adiposity during early life may reduce mid-childhood blood pressure, which may also impact adult blood pressure and cardiovascular health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Weight Gain, Linear Growth, and Mid-Childhood Blood Pressure

et al. 2016

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“…obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia) [1]. It has also been suggested that the risk for later disturbances associated with birth size may be U-shaped [2], and some recent studies have shown an association between large birth size and later childhood obesity [3,4], the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes [5,6], and hypertension [7]. Furthermore, as obesity tracks from childhood to adulthood [8], childhood obesity is a predictor of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes in adulthood [9], thus creating a major global health risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Prepubertal Children Born Large or Small for Gestational Age

Nordman

Voutilainen²,

Laitinen³

et al. 2015

Horm Res Paediatr

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Background: Both large and small birth sizes are associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular and metabolic problems later in life. We studied whether such associations can be observed at prepubertal age. Methods: A cohort of 49 large (LGA), 56 appropriate (AGA), and 23 small for gestational age (SGA)-born children (age range 5-8 years) were studied. Being born SGA, AGA, or LGA was the exposure, and being overweight at prepubertal age was the main outcome. Blood pressure measurements, laboratory parameters, and whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were secondary outcomes. Results: The LGA-born children were significantly taller than the AGA controls (p = 0.03), and the SGA children were lighter and shorter compared to the AGA (p = 0.002 and 0.001) and LGA children (p < 0.001). The mean plasma glucose was higher in the LGA than in the SGA group (p = 0.006). Being born LGA (OR 3.82) and the ponderal index Z-score at birth (OR 4.24) were strong predictors for being overweight or obese in childhood. Conclusion: The children born LGA remained taller and heavier than those born AGA or SGA in mid-childhood, and they had a higher body mass index and body fat percentage than the SGA-born children. The differences in other cardiometabolic risk factors were minimal between the birth size groups.

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“…[3][4][5] These associations are less clear in non-Western populations, such as in China, South Korea, Brazil, Mexico, India, and Japan. [6][7][8][9][10][11] Observational studies are vulnerable to residual confounding, particularly in Western settings where low socioeconomic position (SEP) is usually associated with both low birth weight and higher blood pressure. Ischemic heart disease is more common among men than women, and so it might be expected that birth weight or postnatal growth might have stronger associations with blood pressure among men than women, although there is little evidence on this point.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifetime Growth and Blood Pressure in Adolescence: Hong Kong’s “Children of 1997” Birth Cohort

et al. 2013

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Birth Weight, Postnatal Weight Change, and Risk for High Blood Pressure Among Chinese Children

Abstract: Greater birth weight or postnatal weight gain was associated with increased childhood hypertension risk, suggesting that intrauterine growth and postnatal weight gain may have implications on health during childhood.

Cited by 62 publications

References 26 publications

Early Weight Gain, Linear Growth, and Mid-Childhood Blood Pressure

Early Weight Gain, Linear Growth, and Mid-Childhood Blood Pressure

Growth and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Prepubertal Children Born Large or Small for Gestational Age

Lifetime Growth and Blood Pressure in Adolescence: Hong Kong’s “Children of 1997” Birth Cohort

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